Yoshida Koichi, Sasaki Mari, Adachi Yuichi, Itazawa Toshiko, Odajima Hiroshi, Saito Hirohisa, Akasawa Akira
Division of Allergy, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Allergy, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Allergol Int. 2016 Apr;65(2):166-171. doi: 10.1016/j.alit.2015.10.006. Epub 2015 Nov 29.
Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. Although it has a large impact on the patient's quality of life, little is known about the factors associated with its severity. The aim of this study was to assess the factors associated with the severity of rhinoconjunctivitis among children in the general population.
A survey was conducted using an online research panel in 2012. Parents were asked to answer an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood-based questionnaire to identify children with current rhinoconjunctivitis and evaluate factors associated with the severity of its symptoms. Severity was rated according to the degree of impairment caused by the symptoms in the patient's daily life.
Among 26,725 children aged 6-12 years old, rhinoconjunctivitis was defined in 5175 (19.4%), and of these, 688 children (13.3% of children with current rhinoconjunctivitis) presented severe symptoms. Living in areas with a high cedar and cypress pollen count and having concurrent eczema were associated with severe rhinoconjunctivitis [adjusted OR (95% CI): 1.21 (1.00-1.46) and 1.45 (1.20-1.75), respectively]. Further, a maternal history of asthma and allergic rhinitis was a significant risk factor for severe rhinoconjunctivitis [1.34 (1.04-1.74) and 1.30 (1.10-1.53), respectively]. However, living with fur-bearing animals (pets) before 1 year of age proved to be a protective factor against severe rhinoconjunctivitis [0.70 (0.52-0.94)].
Environmental factors such as pets and pollen, together with comorbidities and a maternal history of allergic diseases, play an important role in determining the severity of rhinoconjunctivitis.
过敏性鼻炎是儿童最常见的慢性疾病之一。尽管它对患者的生活质量有很大影响，但对于与其严重程度相关的因素却知之甚少。本研究的目的是评估普通人群中儿童鼻结膜炎严重程度的相关因素。
2012年通过在线研究小组进行了一项调查。要求家长回答一份基于儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究的问卷，以确定当前患有鼻结膜炎的儿童，并评估与其症状严重程度相关的因素。严重程度根据症状对患者日常生活造成的损害程度进行评级。
在26725名6至12岁的儿童中，5175名（19.4%）被诊断为鼻结膜炎，其中688名儿童（占当前患有鼻结膜炎儿童的13.3%）出现严重症状。生活在雪松和柏树花粉计数高的地区以及并发湿疹与严重鼻结膜炎相关[调整后的比值比（95%可信区间）：分别为1.21（1.00 - 1.46）和1.45（1.20 - 1.75）]。此外，母亲有哮喘和过敏性鼻炎病史是严重鼻结膜炎的重要危险因素[分别为1.34（1.04 - 1.74）和1.30（1.10 - 1.53）]。然而，1岁前与有毛动物（宠物）一起生活被证明是预防严重鼻结膜炎的保护因素[0.70（0.52 - 0.94）]。
宠物和花粉等环境因素，以及合并症和母亲的过敏性疾病病史，在决定鼻结膜炎的严重程度方面起着重要作用。
