[婴幼儿阴囊超声检查]
[Scrotal ultrasound examinations in infants and toddlers].
作者信息
Neissner C, Eisenschmidt V, Rösch W H
机构信息
Klinik für Kinderurologie in Kooperation mit der Universität Regensburg, Klinik St. Hedwig Regensburg, Steinmetzstraße 1-3, 93049, Regensburg, Deutschland.
出版信息
Urologe A. 2016 Jan;55(1):3-9. doi: 10.1007/s00120-015-0009-x.
BACKGROUND
Besides physical examination, ultrasonography is the most valuable diagnostic tool to assess the scrotum and testes in the case of an acute scrotum or scrotal pathology.
PROBLEMS
In infants and toddlers the examination can be challenging. Due to the limited patient compliance, the small testicular size (< 0.5 ml), and low blood flow velocity (< 3 cm/s), it can be difficult to achieve a proper flow curve when assessing blood flow.
CONCLUSION
The examiner's skills are as important as adequate equipment (i. e., linear ultrasound probe, 12-14 MHz) and optimal program settings (Doppler scale < 3 cm/s, gate 1 mm). However, if there is doubt, surgical exploration is unavoidable.
背景
除体格检查外，超声检查是评估急性阴囊或阴囊病变时阴囊和睾丸最有价值的诊断工具。
问题
对于婴幼儿，检查可能具有挑战性。由于患者配合度有限、睾丸体积小（<0.5 ml）以及血流速度低（<3 cm/s），评估血流时可能难以获得合适的血流曲线。
结论
检查者的技能与足够的设备（即线性超声探头，12 - 14 MHz）和最佳程序设置（多普勒标尺<3 cm/s，取样容积1 mm）同样重要。然而，如果存在疑问，手术探查是不可避免的。
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