Paleckis Vidas, Mickevičius Mantas, Snieckus Audrius, Streckis Vytautas, Pääsuke Mati, Rutkauskas Saulius, Steponavičiūtė Rasa, Skurvydas Albertas, Kamandulis Sigitas
Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University , Kaunas, Lithuania.
Institute of Exercise Biology and Physiotherapy, University of Tartu , Tartu, Estonia.
J Sports Sci Med. 2015 Nov 24;14(4):825-33. eCollection 2015 Dec.
The aim of this study was to assess changes in indirect markers of muscle damage and type I collagen degradation, as well as, patellar and Achilles tendon morphological differences during nine daily drop-jumps sessions with constant load alternated with rapid increases in load to test the hypothesis that frequent drop-jump training results in negative muscular and tendon adaptation. Young men (n = 9) performed daily drop jump workouts with progression every 3 days in terms of number of jumps, platform height and squat amplitude. Voluntary and electrically evoked knee extensor torque, muscle soreness, blood plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity and carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide (ICTP), patellar and Achilles tendon thickness and cross-sectional area (CSA) were assessed at different time points during the training period and again on days 1, 3, 10 and 17 after the training. The findings were as follows: (1) steady decline in maximal muscle strength with major recovery within 24 hours after the first six daily training sessions; (2) larger decline in electrically induced muscle torque and prolonged recovery during last three training sessions; (3) increase in patellar and Achilles tendons CSA without change in thickness towards the end of training period; (4) increase in jump height but not in muscle strength after whole training period. Our findings suggest that frequent drop-jump sessions with constant load alternated with rapid increases in load do not induce severe muscle damage or major changes in tendons, nonetheless, this type of loading is not advisable for muscle strength improvement. Key pointsFrequent drop jump training induces activation mode dependent muscle torque depression late in the training period.No significant changes in the thickness of patellar and Achilles tendons are observed during frequent training, while CSA increases towards the end of training period.Longitudinal effect for jump height but not for muscle strength is evident after the whole training period.
本研究的目的是评估肌肉损伤和I型胶原蛋白降解的间接标志物的变化，以及在为期九天的每日纵跳训练期间髌腱和跟腱的形态差异，训练中负荷恒定与负荷快速增加交替进行，以检验频繁纵跳训练会导致肌肉和肌腱负面适应这一假设。年轻男性（n = 9）每天进行纵跳训练，每3天在跳跃次数、平台高度和深蹲幅度方面逐步增加训练量。在训练期间的不同时间点以及训练后的第1、3、10和17天，评估了自愿和电诱发的膝伸肌扭矩、肌肉酸痛、血浆肌酸激酶（CK）活性和羧基末端交联肽（ICTP）、髌腱和跟腱厚度及横截面积（CSA）。研究结果如下：（1）在前六天的每日训练后，最大肌肉力量稳步下降，但在24小时内基本恢复；（2）在最后三次训练中，电诱发的肌肉扭矩下降幅度更大且恢复时间延长；（3）在训练期结束时，髌腱和跟腱的CSA增加，但厚度没有变化；（4）在整个训练期后，跳跃高度增加，但肌肉力量未增加。我们的研究结果表明，负荷恒定与负荷快速增加交替进行的频繁纵跳训练不会引起严重的肌肉损伤或肌腱的重大变化，尽管如此，这种负荷方式对于提高肌肉力量并不可取。要点频繁的纵跳训练在训练后期会导致依赖激活模式的肌肉扭矩降低。在频繁训练期间，未观察到髌腱和跟腱厚度有显著变化，而CSA在训练期结束时增加。在整个训练期后，跳跃高度有纵向变化，但肌肉力量没有。
