Davari Majid, Khorasani Elahe, Bakhshizade Zahra, Jafarian Jazi Marzie, Ghaffari Darab Mohsen, Maracy Mohammad Reza
Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pharmacoeconomics and Pharmaceutical Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Information, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Iran J Pharm Res. 2015 Fall;14(4):1317-26.
This paper has two objectives. First, it establishes a model for scoring the access to pharmaceutical services. Second, it develops a model for measuring socioeconomic indicators independent of the time and place of study. These two measures are used for measuring equity in access to pharmaceutical services using concentration curve. We prepared an open-ended questionnaire and distributed it to academic experts to get their ideas to form access indicators and assign score to each indicator based on the pharmaceutical system. An extensive literature review was undertaken for the selection of indicators in order to determine the socioeconomic status (SES) of individuals. Experts' opinions were also considered for scoring these indicators. These indicators were weighted by the Stepwise Adoption of Weights and were used to develop a model for measuring SES independent of the time and place of study. Nine factors were introduced for assessing the access to pharmaceutical services, based on pharmaceutical systems in middle-income countries. Five indicators were selected for determining the SES of individuals. A model for income classification based on poverty line was established. Likewise, a model for scoring home status based on national minimum wage was introduced. In summary, five important findings emerged from this study. These findings may assist researchers in measuring equity in access to pharmaceutical services and also could help them to apply a model for determining SES independent of the time and place of study. These also could provide a good opportunity for researchers to compare the results of various studies in a reasonable way; particularly in middle-income countries.
本文有两个目标。其一，建立一个衡量药品服务可及性的评分模型。其二，开发一个独立于研究时间和地点来衡量社会经济指标的模型。这两项措施用于通过集中曲线衡量药品服务可及性的公平性。我们编制了一份开放式问卷并分发给学术专家，以获取他们关于形成可及性指标的想法，并根据药品体系为每个指标打分。为了确定个人的社会经济地位（SES），我们进行了广泛的文献综述以选择指标。在为这些指标打分时也考虑了专家意见。这些指标通过逐步采用权重法进行加权，并用于开发一个独立于研究时间和地点来衡量SES的模型。基于中等收入国家的药品体系，引入了九个因素来评估药品服务的可及性。选择了五个指标来确定个人的SES。建立了一个基于贫困线的收入分类模型。同样，引入了一个基于国家最低工资的家庭状况评分模型。总之，本研究得出了五个重要发现。这些发现可能有助于研究人员衡量药品服务可及性的公平性，也能帮助他们应用一个独立于研究时间和地点来确定SES的模型。这也能为研究人员提供一个很好的机会，以合理的方式比较各项研究的结果；尤其是在中等收入国家。
