Schröck Alexandra, Hernández Redondo Ana, Martin Fabritius Marie, König Stefan, Weinmann Wolfgang
Institute of Forensic Medicine, Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 20, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Int J Legal Med. 2016 Mar;130(2):393-400. doi: 10.1007/s00414-015-1300-5. Epub 2015 Dec 15.
Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is considered as specific biomarker of alcohol consumption. Due to accumulation after repeated drinking, PEth is suitable to monitor long-term drinking behavior. To examine the applicability of PEth in "driving under the influence of alcohol" cases, 142 blood samples with blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) ranging from 0.0-3.12‰ were analyzed for the presence of PEth homologues 16:0/18:1 (889 ± 878 ng/mL; range <LOQ to 5400 ng/mL) and 16:0/18:2 (355 ± 315 ng/mL; range <LOQ to 1440 ng/mL) by LC-MS/MS. With receiver operating characteristic analysis, PEth thresholds were evaluated to differentiate moderate and excessive alcohol consumption with acceptable sensitivity and specificity in accordance with the 1.6‰ BAC limit. With a threshold of 700 ng/mL for PEth 16:0/18:1, prolonged excessive alcohol consumption was detected in 65.9% of drunk drivers with a BAC ≥ 1.6‰ and in 31.6% of the samples with a BAC < 1.6‰. Similar results were obtained for PEth 16:0/18:2 with a threshold of 300 ng/mL. Both criteria, PEth 16:0/18:1 and PEth 16:0/18:2, were conform in the evaluation of drinking habits in 88.7% of blood samples. These results show the possibility to detect prolonged excessive alcohol consumption, even if the BAC is below the legal threshold of 1.6‰ for driving aptitude assessment. As a consequence, concentrations of PEth 16:0/18:1 ≥ 700 ng/mL and of PEth 16:0/18:2 ≥ 300 ng/mL may be considered as indicators for the necessity of driving aptitude assessment in addition to BAC.
磷脂酰乙醇（PEth）被视为酒精摄入的特异性生物标志物。由于反复饮酒后会积累，PEth适用于监测长期饮酒行为。为了检验PEth在“酒后驾车”案件中的适用性，对142份血液酒精浓度（BAC）范围为0.0 - 3.12‰的血样进行了分析，通过液相色谱 - 串联质谱法检测其中PEth同系物16:0/18:1（889 ± 878 ng/mL；范围<检测限至5400 ng/mL）和16:0/18:2（355 ± 315 ng/mL；范围<检测限至1440 ng/mL）的存在情况。通过受试者工作特征分析，评估了PEth阈值，以便根据1.6‰的BAC限值，以可接受的灵敏度和特异性区分适度饮酒和过度饮酒。对于PEth 16:0/18:1，阈值为700 ng/mL时，在BAC≥1.6‰的醉酒司机中有65.9%检测到长期过度饮酒，在BAC<1.6‰的样本中有31.6%检测到。对于PEth 16:0/18:2，阈值为300 ng/mL时也得到了类似结果。在88.7%的血样中，PEth 16:0/18:1和PEth 16:0/18:2这两个标准在饮酒习惯评估中是一致的。这些结果表明，即使BAC低于驾驶能力评估的法定阈值1.6‰，也有可能检测到长期过度饮酒。因此，除了BAC之外，PEth 16:0/18:1≥700 ng/mL和PEth 16:0/18:2≥300 ng/mL的浓度可被视为驾驶能力评估必要性的指标。
