Oravcova Veronika, Hadelova Daniela, Literak Ivan
Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho tr. 1/3, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Vet Microbiol. 2016 Oct 15;194:43-47. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.11.027. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
Corvids have been identified as an important vector of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in several European countries. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of VRE in wildlife in Slovakia and to characterize vanA-carrying VRE. At the beginning of 2013, we collected 287 fecal samples of common raven (Corvus corax) in Petrovce and 99 fecal samples of rooks (Corvus frugilegus) in Kosice. Samples were cultured selectively on Slanetz-Bartley agar with vancomycin and screened for vanA, other resistance genes, and virulence genes. PCR mapping of Tn1546 carrying vanA gene was performed. Multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis were used to examine the genotypic diversity of vanA-containing VRE. The mobility of vancomycin resistance traits was tested in vitro, using filter mating experiments. VRE with the vanA gene were found in 4 (1.4%) of 287 raven samples and in one (1%) of 99 rook samples. All 5 isolates belonged to Enterococcus faecium and were multiresistant with resistance to erythromycin encoded by the erm(B) gene, tetracycline (tet(M) and tet(L) genes), and ampicillin (mutations in C-terminal region of pbp5 gene). Isolates from Petrovce also were resistant to chloramphenicol. Virulence genes were not proven. The vanA gene was carried by Tn1546 types E (combined with insertion sequence IS1216) or F5 (IS1251). One isolate from a rook in Kosice belonged to ST (sequence type) 6 and the remaining four from ravens in Petrovce belonged to new ST917 (a single locus variant of ST18). All tested VRE were able to transfer the vancomycin resistance trait. In conclusion, we identified clinically important enterococci with the vanA gene in corvids in Slovakia.
在几个欧洲国家，鸦科鸟类已被确定为耐万古霉素肠球菌（VRE）的重要传播媒介。本研究的目的是评估斯洛伐克野生动物中VRE的流行情况，并对携带vanA的VRE进行特征分析。2013年初，我们在彼得罗夫采收集了287份普通渡鸦（Corvus corax）的粪便样本，在科希策收集了99份秃鼻乌鸦（Corvus frugilegus）的粪便样本。样本在含万古霉素的Slanetz-Bartley琼脂上进行选择性培养，并筛选vanA、其他耐药基因和毒力基因。对携带vanA基因的Tn1546进行PCR图谱分析。采用多位点序列分型和脉冲场凝胶电泳检测含vanA的VRE的基因型多样性。通过滤膜交配实验在体外测试万古霉素耐药性状的转移性。在287份渡鸦样本中有4份（1.4%）和99份秃鼻乌鸦样本中有1份（1%）发现了带有vanA基因的VRE。所有5株分离株均属于粪肠球菌，并且具有多重耐药性，对由erm(B)基因编码的红霉素、四环素（tet(M)和tet(L)基因）以及氨苄青霉素（pbp5基因C末端区域突变）耐药。来自彼得罗夫采的分离株还对氯霉素耐药。未证实有毒力基因。vanA基因由Tn1546 E型（与插入序列IS1216组合）或F5型（IS1251）携带。来自科希策一只秃鼻乌鸦的一株分离株属于ST（序列型）6，其余来自彼得罗夫采渡鸦的四株属于新的ST917（ST18的单一位点变体）。所有测试的VRE都能够转移万古霉素耐药性状。总之，我们在斯洛伐克的鸦科鸟类中鉴定出了携带vanA基因的具有临床重要性的肠球菌。
