Chávez-García César, Jiménez-Corona Aída, Graue-Hernández Enrique O, Zaga-Clavellina Verónica, García-Mejía Mariana, Jiménez-Martínez María Carmen, Garfias Yonathan
Amniotic Membrane Bank, Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Unit, Instituto de Oftalmología Conde de Valenciana, Chimalpopoca 14, 06800, Mexico City, Mexico.
Department of Ocular Epidemiology, Instituto de Oftalmología Conde de Valenciana, Chimalpopoca 14, 06800, Mexico City, Mexico.
Cell Tissue Bank. 2016 Jun;17(2):261-8. doi: 10.1007/s10561-015-9540-7. Epub 2015 Dec 16.
Amniotic membrane, the inner layer of the placenta, has biological properties (e.g. promotes epithelization, reduces fibrosis, secretes antimicrobial products and inhibits immune responses) which make it a useful option for several ophthalmologic procedures, especially those involving the ocular surface. Its use in eye surgery has been reported by other authors. To our knowledge, there is a lack of descriptive studies on surgical indications using amniotic membrane in Mexican population. Here we describe the eight years Amniotic Membrane Bank experience in Mexico, including a detailed protocol of the donors selection, tissue harvesting, preparation, storage and distribution of amniotic membrane since its establishment in 2007. Moreover, we describe the Ophthalmological indications of amniotic membrane transplantation of the total of 1686 amniotic membranes fragments used during eight years. The five most common indications for amniotic membrane transplantation were pterygium (46 %), corneal ulcers (12.6 %), conjunctival surface repair (11.1 %), neoplasms (7.4 %), and persistent epithelial defects (7.3 %). In addition, we compared the indications of amniotic membrane use in two different types of Institutions: general hospitals and ophthalmologic reference hospitals. We found interesting differences between the indications and use rates between these institutions, although pterygium was the most frequent pathology that amniotic membrane fragments were used in both institutions, there was up to a five-fold increase in the use of amniotic membrane for correction of persistent epithelial defects in reference hospitals which could be explained due to the more complex and severe ophthalmological pathologies admitted in reference hospitals. In conclusion, Amniotic Membrane is used in a numerous ocular pathologies and especially on pterygium in our Mexican population.
羊膜是胎盘的内层，具有多种生物学特性（如促进上皮形成、减少纤维化、分泌抗菌产物及抑制免疫反应），这使其成为多种眼科手术，尤其是涉及眼表手术的有用选择。其他作者已报道过其在眼科手术中的应用。据我们所知，目前缺乏关于墨西哥人群使用羊膜手术适应症的描述性研究。在此，我们描述了墨西哥羊膜库八年的经验，包括自2007年成立以来羊膜供体选择、组织采集、制备、储存和分发的详细方案。此外，我们还描述了八年间共1686片羊膜碎片进行羊膜移植的眼科适应症。羊膜移植最常见的五个适应症依次为翼状胬肉（46%）、角膜溃疡（12.6%）、结膜表面修复（11.1%）、肿瘤（7.4%）和持续性上皮缺损（7.3%）。此外，我们比较了羊膜在两种不同类型机构（综合医院和眼科专科医院）中的使用适应症。我们发现这些机构在适应症和使用率方面存在有趣的差异，尽管翼状胬肉是两个机构使用羊膜碎片最常见的病理情况，但眼科专科医院用于矫正持续性上皮缺损的羊膜使用量增加了五倍，这可能是由于专科医院收治的眼科病理情况更为复杂和严重。总之，在墨西哥人群中，羊膜被用于多种眼部疾病，尤其是翼状胬肉。
