Oliver JoAnn S, Ewell Patrick, Nicholls Keith, Chapman Kathryn, Ford Sandra
University of Alabama.
Kenyon College.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 2016 Jan;43(1):77-85. doi: 10.1188/16.ONF.77-85.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To explore differences in cancer risk knowledge and colorectal cancer (CRC) knowledge among adults in Alabama. .
RESEARCH APPROACH: Telephone interviews were conducted using an 80-item questionnaire that included 14 demographic questions and 26 general questions regarding healthcare quality, sources of health-related information, and cancer fears and risk factors. Also included were 40 questions dealing with CRC perceptions and experiences (asked only of respondents aged 50 years or older). .
SETTING: A standard random-digit-dialed statewide telephone survey, targeting adult residents of Alabama. Interviews were conducted during about seven weeks in 2012. .
PARTICIPANTS: 1,024 participants, including 615 who were aged 50 years or older. Most of the participants identified as Caucasian. .
METHODOLOGIC APPROACH: A secondary data analysis using data from a CRC screening survey of Alabama residents conducted in 2012 by the University of South Alabama polling group via telephone. .
FINDINGS: Knowledge of general cancer risk factors predicted disagreement with the statement, "There is nothing you can do to avoid getting cancer," and disagreement with the statement, "Only people with signs or symptoms should be screened for CRC." Binary logistic regression showed that those higher in CRC risk knowledge were more likely to have been screened for CRC. .
CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of general cancer risk factors may increase self-efficacy. In addition, individuals with increased knowledge of colorectal cancer risk factors were more likely to participate in CRC screening. .
Nurses play an instrumental role in addressing CRC, a preventable and treatable cancer. An opportunity exists for nurses and other healthcare providers to develop culturally appropriate educational interventions to increase knowledge related to CRC, risk factors, and screening, particularly among those who are at increased risk. This education needs to occur in clinical practice and within the community.
目的/目标：探讨阿拉巴马州成年人在癌症风险知识和结直肠癌（CRC）知识方面的差异。
采用一份包含80个条目的问卷进行电话访谈，问卷包括14个人口统计学问题以及26个关于医疗质量、健康相关信息来源、癌症恐惧和风险因素的一般性问题。还包括40个涉及结直肠癌认知和经历的问题（仅向50岁及以上的受访者提问）。
一项标准的全州随机数字拨号电话调查，目标是阿拉巴马州的成年居民。访谈于2012年进行了约七周。
1024名参与者，其中615名年龄在50岁及以上。大多数参与者为白人。
对南阿拉巴马大学民意调查小组2012年通过电话对阿拉巴马州居民进行的结直肠癌筛查调查数据进行二次数据分析。
对一般癌症风险因素的了解预示着不同意“你无法采取任何措施避免患癌症”这一说法，以及不同意“只有有体征或症状的人才应该接受结直肠癌筛查”这一说法。二元逻辑回归显示，结直肠癌风险知识水平较高的人更有可能接受过结直肠癌筛查。
对一般癌症风险因素的了解可能会增强自我效能感。此外，对结直肠癌风险因素了解增加的个体更有可能参与结直肠癌筛查。
护士在应对结直肠癌（一种可预防和可治疗的癌症）方面发挥着重要作用。护士和其他医疗服务提供者有机会制定符合文化背景的教育干预措施，以增加与结直肠癌、风险因素和筛查相关的知识，特别是在那些风险增加的人群中。这种教育需要在临床实践和社区中进行。
