Mandel Hadas
Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Tel-Aviv University, 69978, Israel.
Soc Sci Res. 2016 Jan;55:122-38. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.09.007. Epub 2015 Oct 22.
Grounded in the research on the important role of social structures in forming gender inequalities, this study examines the effect of occupational attributes on the gender earnings gap over four decades. Using the IPUMS-USA from 1970 to 2010, the paper shows that occupational attributes cannot be reduced to the aggregate attributes of their individual incumbents. Rather, the effect of occupations on the gender earnings gap goes far beyond both the distributive role of occupational segregation and the effect of individual wage-related characteristics. Furthermore, occupations not only explain a significant portion of net gender pay gaps, but have also contributed to the narrowing of the gaps over the past several decades, as occupational attributes that favor women's pay have become more dominant over time.
基于对社会结构在形成性别不平等方面重要作用的研究，本研究考察了四十年来职业属性对性别收入差距的影响。利用1970年至2010年的美国综合公共使用微观数据系列（IPUMS-USA），本文表明，职业属性不能简化为其个体从业者的总体属性。相反，职业对性别收入差距的影响远远超出职业隔离的分配作用和与工资相关的个人特征的影响。此外，职业不仅解释了净性别薪酬差距的很大一部分，而且在过去几十年中也促使了差距的缩小，因为随着时间的推移，有利于女性薪酬的职业属性变得更加占主导地位。
