Domer J E
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Crit Rev Microbiol. 1989;17(1):33-51. doi: 10.3109/10408418909105721.
It is clear that mannan has the potential to influence multiple biologic functions in vivo and in vitro, including both mannan-specific and mannan-nonspecific activities. Based on in vitro studies, various mechanisms have been proposed for the regulatory activities observed, ranging from interference with normal PMNL and monocyte function to the induction of T suppressor cells. It may well be, in fact, that different mechanisms function at different levels depending upon the specific phenomenon being influenced. Approaches to determining the mechanisms involved in these regulatory phenomena, however, have been complicated by the fact that many studies were performed with mannan extracted in the laboratory by traditional methods and used as such without further purification. Most laboratory-acquired mannans appear to be heterogeneous mixtures containing polymers of differing size and charge. When such mixtures have been separated on the basis of size or charge, it has been shown that biologic function can be correlated with individual fractions, and that a single bulk preparation of mannan can contain components with opposing biologic activities. Resolution of the specific mechanisms involved in the regulatory phenomena described, therefore, will not be complete until homogeneous preparations of mannan are employed to investigate the mechanisms.
显然，甘露聚糖在体内和体外都有可能影响多种生物学功能，包括甘露聚糖特异性和非特异性活性。基于体外研究，针对所观察到的调节活性提出了各种机制，从干扰正常的多形核白细胞和单核细胞功能到诱导抑制性T细胞。事实上，很可能不同的机制在不同水平上起作用，这取决于所影响的具体现象。然而，由于许多研究是使用实验室中通过传统方法提取且未进一步纯化的甘露聚糖进行的，确定这些调节现象所涉及机制的方法变得复杂。大多数实验室获得的甘露聚糖似乎是含有不同大小和电荷聚合物的异质混合物。当根据大小或电荷对这些混合物进行分离时，已表明生物学功能可与各个组分相关，并且单一的大量甘露聚糖制剂可能包含具有相反生物学活性的成分。因此，在使用甘露聚糖的均质制剂研究机制之前，所描述的调节现象所涉及的具体机制的解析将不会完整。
