评估女孩感染艾滋病毒的易感性：来自博茨瓦纳、马拉维和莫桑比克的证据。
Assessing girls' HIV vulnerability: evidence from Botswana, Malawi and Mozambique.
作者信息
Underwood Carol R, Schwandt Hilary M
机构信息
Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD,
Fairhaven College, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA and Center for Communication Programs, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
出版信息
Health Policy Plan. 2016 Jul;31(6):729-35. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czv123. Epub 2015 Dec 22.
Past research documents multiple factors associated with girls' susceptibility to human immunodeficiency virus transmission; yet a literature review found no systematic approach to measure vulnerability. This study characterized, developed and tested a set of indicators to measure girls' vulnerability, resulting in the vulnerable girls index (VGI). A quasi- experimental, separate-sample pre-/post-test design was used to test the index. Adolescent girls were randomly drawn for the pre-test (2277 respondents) and post-test (1418 respondents) from 16 purposively selected communities in Botswana, Malawi and Mozambique. The higher the VGI score-or the more vulnerable the girl-the more likely she was to report premarital sexual experience across the three countries and the more likely she was to report low agency to insist upon condom use in Botswana and Mozambique. The VGI can be used to assess girls' vulnerability levels across time and space for policy and programme planning purposes, and as part of programme evaluations.
以往的研究记录了与女孩易感染人类免疫缺陷病毒相关的多种因素；然而，一项文献综述发现，尚无衡量脆弱性的系统方法。本研究对一组衡量女孩脆弱性的指标进行了特征描述、开发和测试，最终形成了脆弱女孩指数（VGI）。采用准实验、独立样本前后测设计对该指数进行测试。从博茨瓦纳、马拉维和莫桑比克16个有目的选择的社区中随机抽取青少年女孩进行前测（2277名受访者）和后测（1418名受访者）。在这三个国家中，VGI得分越高——即女孩越脆弱——她报告婚前性经历的可能性就越大，在博茨瓦纳和莫桑比克，她报告坚持使用避孕套的自主性较低的可能性也越大。VGI可用于评估不同时间和空间的女孩脆弱性水平，以用于政策和项目规划，并作为项目评估的一部分。
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