Parkkari Jari, Sievänen Harri, Niemi Seppo, Mattila Ville M, Kannus Pekka
Tampere Research Centre of Sports Medicine, UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical School, University of Tampere, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Injury & Osteoporosis Research Center, UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland.
Inj Prev. 2016 Aug;22(4):239-46. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2015-041798. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
Injuries are a major public health problem worldwide, being the leading cause of death in children and adolescents in developed countries. However, knowledge on recent secular trends in injury deaths of adolescents is sparse.
Using Official Cause-of-Death Statistics of Finland, we examined the nationwide trends in the age- and sex-specific incidence rates of fatal injuries among 10-14-year-old and 15-19-year-old adolescents in Finland between 1971 and 2013.
The incidence rate of fatal injuries decreased considerably in both age groups during the 43-year follow-up period. The decline in injury deaths was mainly due to decreased deaths in traffic accidents. The number of drownings reached the ultimate goal-that is, there were no drownings in Finnish 10-19-year-old adolescents in 2013. The rates of intentional injury deaths remained stable in girls, while in 15-19-year-old boys a decreasing trend was evident. During the deep economic depression in 1990, the incidence of suicide in 15-19-year-old boys was as high as 40.1. At that time, boys' suicide risk was 7.4 times higher than that of girls. Since then, boys' risk for suicide has clearly decreased and was 1.6 times higher than the corresponding risk in girls in 2013.
The incidence rate of fatal injuries decreased considerably in Finnish adolescents during the period 1971-2013. The clearest change occurred in road traffic injuries and drownings. The rates of intentional injury deaths remained unaltered in girls while 15-19-year-old boys showed a decreasing trend.
伤害是全球主要的公共卫生问题，在发达国家是儿童和青少年死亡的主要原因。然而，关于青少年伤害死亡近期长期趋势的知识却很匮乏。
利用芬兰官方死因统计数据，我们研究了1971年至2013年芬兰10至14岁和15至19岁青少年中特定年龄和性别的致命伤害发病率的全国趋势。
在43年的随访期内，两个年龄组的致命伤害发病率均大幅下降。伤害死亡人数的下降主要归因于交通事故死亡人数的减少。溺水死亡人数达到了最终目标——即2013年芬兰10至19岁青少年中无溺水死亡。故意伤害死亡发生率在女孩中保持稳定，而在15至19岁男孩中则呈现明显下降趋势。在1990年的深度经济衰退期间，15至19岁男孩的自杀发病率高达40.1。当时，男孩的自杀风险比女孩高7.4倍。从那时起，男孩的自杀风险明显下降，2013年比女孩相应风险高1.6倍。
1971年至2013年期间，芬兰青少年致命伤害的发病率大幅下降。最明显的变化发生在道路交通伤害和溺水方面。故意伤害死亡发生率在女孩中保持不变，而15至19岁男孩呈现下降趋势。
