Daskalou Efstratia, Galli-Tsinopoulou Assimina, Karagiozoglou-Lampoudi Thomais, Augoustides-Savvopoulou Persefone
a Clinical Nutrition Laboratory "Christos Mantzoros", Nutrition & Dietetics Department, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , GREECE ;
b 4th Pediatric Department (A.G.-T.), 1st Pediatric Department (P.A.-S.) , Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , GREECE.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2016 May-Jun;35(4):372-80. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2015.1056886. Epub 2015 Dec 28.
Malnutrition is a frequent finding in pediatric health care settings in the form of undernutrition or excess body weight. Its increasing prevalence and impact on overall health status, which is reflected in the adverse outcomes, renders imperative the application of commonly accepted and evidence-based practices and tools by health care providers. Nutrition risk screening on admission and nutrition status evaluation are key points during clinical management of hospitalized pediatric patients, in order to prevent health deterioration that can lead to serious complications and growth consequences. In addition, anthropometric data based on commonly accepted universal growth standards can give accurate results for nutrition status. Both nutrition risk screening and nutrition status assessment are techniques that should be routinely implemented, based on commonly accepted growth standards and methodology, and linked to clinical outcomes. The aim of the present review was to address the issue of hospital malnutrition in pediatric settings in terms of prevalence, outline nutrition status evaluation and nutrition screening process using different criteria and available tools, and present its relationship with outcome measures. Key teaching points • Malnutrition-underweight or excess body weight-is a frequent imbalance in pediatric settings that affects physical growth and results in undesirable clinical outcomes. • Anthropometry interpretation through growth charts and nutrition screening are cornerstones for the assessment of malnutrition.To date no commonly accepted anthropometric criteria or nutrition screening tools are used in hospitalized pediatric patients. • Commonly accepted nutrition status and screening processes based on the World Health Organization's growth standards can contribute to the overall hospital nutrition care of pediatric patients.
营养不良在儿科医疗环境中很常见，表现为营养不足或体重超标。其患病率不断上升，对整体健康状况产生影响，这在不良后果中得到体现，因此医疗服务提供者必须采用公认的循证实践和工具。入院时的营养风险筛查和营养状况评估是住院儿科患者临床管理中的关键点，以防止健康状况恶化导致严重并发症和生长问题。此外，基于公认的通用生长标准的人体测量数据能够得出准确的营养状况结果。营养风险筛查和营养状况评估都是应根据公认的生长标准和方法常规实施并与临床结果相关联的技术。本综述的目的是从患病率方面探讨儿科环境中的医院营养不良问题，概述使用不同标准和现有工具进行营养状况评估和营养筛查的过程，并阐述其与结果指标的关系。关键要点 • 营养不良（体重不足或超重）是儿科环境中常见的失衡情况，会影响身体发育并导致不良临床后果。 • 通过生长图表进行人体测量解读和营养筛查是评估营养不良的基石。目前，住院儿科患者未使用公认的人体测量标准或营养筛查工具。 • 基于世界卫生组织生长标准的公认营养状况和筛查流程有助于儿科患者的整体医院营养护理。
