Laptev I G, Golovina A Ya, Sergiev P V, Dontsova O A
Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia;
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia.
Mol Biol (Mosk). 2015 Nov-Dec;49(6):923-36. doi: 10.7868/S0026898415060142.
Genomewide mapping of posttranscriptional modification in eukaryotic RNA allowed to reveal tens of thousands modification sites. Among modified nucleotides of eukaryotic RNA 6-methyladenosine, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridine, inosine, and others. Many modification sites are conserved, many are regulated. Function is known for a small subset of modified nucleotides, while the role of majority of them is still obscure. Global character of mRNA modifications allowed scientists to coin a new term, RNA epigenetics. The review is about posttranscriptional messenger RNA modifications in eukaryotes. Main modifications, their role in cell, their mapping techniques and proteins, that are responsible for such RNA modifications are observed.
真核生物RNA转录后修饰的全基因组图谱揭示了数以万计的修饰位点。真核生物RNA的修饰核苷酸包括6-甲基腺苷、5-甲基胞嘧啶、假尿苷、肌苷等。许多修饰位点是保守的，许多是受调控的。已知一小部分修饰核苷酸的功能，而它们大多数的作用仍然不清楚。mRNA修饰的全局性特征使科学家们创造了一个新术语——RNA表观遗传学。这篇综述是关于真核生物中转录后信使RNA的修饰。观察了主要修饰、它们在细胞中的作用、它们的定位技术以及负责此类RNA修饰的蛋白质。
