Xia Hui, Fang Qiang, Jangpatarapongsa Kulachart, Zhiyong Tao, Cui Liwang, Li Baiqing, Udomsangpetch Rachanee
Department of Parasitology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China ; Anhui Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity at Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, China.
Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand ; Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
EXCLI J. 2015 Aug 6;14:926-34. doi: 10.17179/excli2015-388. eCollection 2015.
The mechanisms of cellular and humoral immune responses against P. vivax parasite remain poorly understood. Several malaria immunological studies have been conducted in endemic regions where both P. falciparum and P. vivax parasites co-exist. In this study, a comparative analysis of immunity to Plasmodium vivax antigens in different geography and incidence of Plasmodium spp. infection was performed. We characterised antibodies against two P. vivax antigens, PvMSP-1 and PvAMA-1, and the cross-reactivity between these antigens using plasma from acute malaria infected patients living in the central region of China and in the western border of Thailand. P. vivax endemicity is found in central China whereas both P. vivax and P. falciparum are endemic in Thailand. There was an increased level of anti-PvMSP-1/anti-PvAMA-1 in both populations. An elevated level of antibodies to total P. vivax proteins and low level of antibodies to total P. falciparum proteins was found in acute P. vivax infected Chinese, suggesting antibody cross-reactivity between the two species. P. vivax infected Thai patients had both anti-P. vivax and anti-P. falciparum antibodies as expected since both species are present in Thailand. More information on humoral and cell mediated immunity during acute P. vivax-infection in the area where only single P. vivax species existed is of great interest in the relation of building up anti-disease severity caused by P. falciparum. This knowledge will support vaccine development in the future.
针对间日疟原虫的细胞免疫和体液免疫反应机制仍未得到充分了解。在恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫共存的流行地区已经开展了多项疟疾免疫学研究。在本研究中，对不同地理区域以及疟原虫感染发病率情况下针对间日疟原虫抗原的免疫情况进行了比较分析。我们使用来自中国中部地区和泰国西部边境的急性疟疾感染患者的血浆，对两种间日疟原虫抗原（间日疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白1（PvMSP-1）和间日疟原虫顶膜抗原1（PvAMA-1））的抗体以及这些抗原之间的交叉反应性进行了表征。间日疟原虫在中国中部地区为地方流行，而在泰国间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫均为地方流行。在这两个人群中，抗PvMSP-1/抗PvAMA-1水平均有所升高。在急性间日疟原虫感染的中国人中，发现针对间日疟原虫总蛋白的抗体水平升高，而针对恶性疟原虫总蛋白的抗体水平较低，这表明这两种疟原虫之间存在抗体交叉反应性。正如预期的那样，由于泰国同时存在这两种疟原虫，感染间日疟原虫的泰国患者同时具有抗间日疟原虫和抗恶性疟原虫抗体。在仅存在单一间日疟原虫物种的地区，关于急性间日疟原虫感染期间体液免疫和细胞介导免疫的更多信息对于建立针对由恶性疟原虫引起的疾病严重程度的抵抗力具有重要意义。这些知识将为未来的疫苗开发提供支持。
