Funaki Seiko, Tokutomi Fumiaki, Wada-Takahashi Satoko, Yoshino Fumihiko, Yoshida Ayaka, Maehata Yojiro, Miyamoto Chihiro, Toyama Toshizo, Sato Takenori, Hamada Nobushiro, Lee Masaichi Chang-Il, Takahashi Shun-Suke
Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
Microb Pathog. 2016 Mar;92:36-42. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.12.009. Epub 2015 Dec 25.
The functional modulation of vascular endothelial cells associated with stroke and periodontal disease has not yet been clarified. The objective of this study is to analyze the vascular endothelial function of periodontitis and stroke animal models. We examined endothelial function and gingival blood flow in oral microcirculation in vivo and measured the isometric tension in vitro of the aorta in animal models for lifestyle-related diseases, such as periodontitis and stroke. Gingival reactive hyperemia (GRH) was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as control animals; Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) infected WKY (WKY + Pg) as the periodontitis model; stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) as the stroke model; and a final group consisting of P. gingivalis infected SHRSP (SHRSP + Pg). Furthermore, for each group, the relaxation of descending aortic ring preparations was measured using a force transducer. The GRH was estimated by maximum response (peak), time taken for the maximum response to fall to one half (T1/2), and increased total amount of blood flow (mass). The relative change in T1/2 and mass increased in SHRSP + Pg compared to WKY. However, mass significantly increased in WKY (758.59 ± 88.21 ml/min/100 g s to 1755.55 ± 226.10 ml/min/100 g s) and SHRSP (1214.87 ± 141.61 ml/min/100 g s to 2674.32 ± 675.48 ml/min/100 g s) after treatment with acetylcholine. In addition, T1/2 and mass significantly increased in WKY + Pg (624.18 ± 96.36 ml/min/100 g s to 2629.90 ± 612.01 ml/min/100 g s) and SHRSP + Pg (1116.36 ± 206.24 ml/min/100 g s to 1952.76 ± 217.39 ml/min/100 g s) after treatment with nitroglycerin. Furthermore, the endothelium-dependent relaxation of ring preparations, evoked by acetylcholine, was attenuated in SHRSP compared with WKY, but not in SHRSP + Pg. This attenuation effect in SHRSP could be prevented by superoxide dismutase pretreatment. Our results suggest altered endothelial function may occur in gingival tissue in animal models experiencing both periodontitis and stroke. Therefore, these results indicate the disruption of vascular function in oral microcirculation may be caused by the interaction between the oxidative stress induced by periodontitis and nitric oxide in periodontitis, similar to the interactions present in stroke cases.
与中风和牙周疾病相关的血管内皮细胞的功能调节尚未明确。本研究的目的是分析牙周炎和中风动物模型的血管内皮功能。我们在体内检测了口腔微循环中的内皮功能和牙龈血流，并在诸如牙周炎和中风等生活方式相关疾病的动物模型中，体外测量了主动脉的等长张力。使用激光多普勒血流仪测量牙龈反应性充血（GRH）。以Wistar Kyoto大鼠（WKY）作为对照动物；牙龈卟啉单胞菌（Pg）感染的WKY（WKY + Pg）作为牙周炎模型；易中风自发性高血压大鼠（SHRSP）作为中风模型；最后一组为由Pg感染的SHRSP（SHRSP + Pg）组成。此外，对于每组，使用力传感器测量降主动脉环制剂的舒张情况。通过最大反应（峰值）、最大反应降至一半所需时间（T1/2）以及血流总量增加量（质量）来估算GRH。与WKY相比，SHRSP + Pg组中T1/2和质量的相对变化增加。然而，用乙酰胆碱处理后，WKY组（从758.59±88.21 ml/min/100 g s至1755.55±226.10 ml/min/100 g s）和SHRSP组（从1214.87±141.61 ml/min/100 g s至2674.32±675.48 ml/min/100 g s）的质量显著增加。另外，用硝酸甘油处理后，WKY + Pg组（从624.18±96.36 ml/min/100 g s至2629.90±612.01 ml/min/100 g s）和SHRSP + Pg组（从1116.36±206.24 ml/min/100 g s至1952.76±217.39 ml/min/100 g s）的T1/2和质量显著增加。此外，与WKY相比，乙酰胆碱诱发的环制剂的内皮依赖性舒张在SHRSP中减弱，但在SHRSP + Pg中未减弱。超氧化物歧化酶预处理可预防SHRSP中的这种减弱效应。我们的结果表明，在同时患有牙周炎和中风的动物模型中，牙龈组织中可能发生内皮功能改变。因此，这些结果表明，牙周炎诱导的氧化应激与牙周炎中的一氧化氮之间的相互作用可能导致口腔微循环中的血管功能破坏，类似于中风病例中存在的相互作用。
