Clinical Value of CYP2C19 Genetic Testing for Guiding the Antiplatelet Therapy in a Chinese Population.

OBJECTIVE

To compare the clinical effects between individual antiplatelet therapy guided by CYP2C19 genetic testing and conventional dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention.

METHODS

In total of 628 coronary artery disease patients who had undergone successful percutaneous coronary intervention were included in this study. Patients were consecutively divided into routine group (n = 319) and individual group (n = 309) because of weather received CYP2C19 genetic testing. The individual group was divided again into extensive metabolizer group, intermediate metabolizer group, and poor metabolizer group according to CYP2C19 genotype. Then extensive metabolizer group received 75 mg daily of clopidogrel, intermediate metabolizer group received 150 mg daily of clopidogrel, and poor metabolizer group received ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily. Routine group was treated with clopidogrel 75 mg daily conventionally. The primary end points were defined as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), namely a composite of death from any cause, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization. Safety end points were bleeding events classified by GUSTO.

RESULTS

All the 628 patients were followed for an average of 12 months and clinical outcomes were analyzed at 1, 6, and 12 months after discharge. The morbidity rates of MACE in individual group were all lower than those in routine group at 1, 6, and 12 months (1.3% vs. 5.6%, P = 0.003; 3.2% vs. 7.8%, P = 0.012; 4.2% vs. 9.4%, P = 0.010). No significant difference in the rates of bleeding was found between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Even performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis, the benefit of individual antiplatelet therapy remained.

CONCLUSION

Individual antiplatelet therapy guided by CYP2C19 genetic testing significantly reduced the rate of MACE without an increase in the rate of bleeding in the near term in this Chinese population.