a Center for Population Health Sciences , Hanoi School of Public Health , Hanoi , Vietnam.
b Center for Health System Research , Hanoi Medical University , Hanoi , Vietnam.
Glob Public Health. 2017 Dec;12(12):1522-1537. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2015.1123282. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
This study measures and decomposes socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence of self-reported chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in urban Hanoi, Vietnam. A cross-sectional survey of 1211 selected households was carried out in four urban districts in both slum and non-slum areas of Hanoi city in 2013. The respondents were asked if a doctor or health worker had diagnosed any household members with an NCD, such as cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory, diabetes or cancer, during last 12 months. Information from 3736 individuals, aged 15 years and over, was used for the analysis. The concentration index (CI) was used to measure inequalities in self-reported NCD prevalence, and it was also decomposed into contributing factors. The prevalence of chronic NCDs in the slum and non-slum areas was 7.9% and 11.6%, respectively. The CIs show gradients disadvantageous to both the slum (CI = -0.103) and non-slum (CI = -0.165) areas. Lower socioeconomic status and aging significantly contributed to inequalities in the self-reported NCDs, particularly for those living in the slum areas. The findings confirm the existence of substantial socioeconomic inequalities linked to NCDs in urban Vietnam. Future policies should target these vulnerable areas.
本研究旨在衡量并分解越南河内市城市居民中自我报告的慢性非传染性疾病（NCD）流行率的社会经济不平等现象。2013 年，在河内市四个城区的贫民窟和非贫民窟地区，对 1211 户选定家庭进行了横断面调查。调查询问了家庭中是否有医生或卫生工作者在过去 12 个月中诊断出任何患有 NCD 的成员，例如心血管疾病、慢性呼吸道疾病、糖尿病或癌症。分析中使用了来自 3736 名年龄在 15 岁及以上的个体的信息。集中指数（CI）用于衡量自我报告的 NCD 流行率的不平等程度，并对其进行了分解以找出其影响因素。在贫民窟和非贫民窟地区，慢性 NCD 的患病率分别为 7.9%和 11.6%。CI 显示，贫民窟（CI=-0.103）和非贫民窟（CI=-0.165）地区都处于不利地位。较低的社会经济地位和老龄化是导致自我报告的 NCD 不平等的重要因素，尤其是对于生活在贫民窟地区的人来说。研究结果证实了越南城市中存在与 NCD 相关的大量社会经济不平等现象。未来的政策应该针对这些弱势群体地区。
