Rademacher Lena, Schulte-Rüther Martin, Hanewald Bernd, Lammertz Sarah
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Social Neuroscience Lab, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538, Lübeck, Germany.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Neuenhofer Weg 21, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2017;30:207-221. doi: 10.1007/7854_2015_429.
Reward processing plays a major role in goal-directed behavior and motivation. On the neural level, it is mediated by a complex network of brain structures called the dopaminergic reward system. In the last decade, neuroscientific researchers have become increasingly interested in aspects of social interaction that are experienced as rewarding. Recent neuroimaging studies have provided evidence that the reward system mediates the processing of social stimuli in a manner analogous to nonsocial rewards and thus motivates social behavior. In this context, the neuropeptide oxytocin is assumed to play a key role by activating dopaminergic reward pathways in response to social cues, inducing the rewarding quality of social interactions. Alterations in the dopaminergic reward system have been found in several psychiatric disorders that are accompanied by social interaction and motivation problems, for example autism, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, addiction disorders, and schizophrenia.
奖赏处理在目标导向行为和动机中起着重要作用。在神经层面，它由一个称为多巴胺能奖赏系统的复杂脑结构网络介导。在过去十年中，神经科学研究人员对被视为有回报的社会互动方面越来越感兴趣。最近的神经影像学研究提供了证据，表明奖赏系统以类似于非社会奖赏的方式介导社会刺激的处理，从而激发社会行为。在这种背景下，神经肽催产素被认为通过响应社会线索激活多巴胺能奖赏通路，诱导社会互动的奖赏性质，从而发挥关键作用。在几种伴有社会互动和动机问题的精神疾病中，例如自闭症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、成瘾性障碍和精神分裂症，已经发现多巴胺能奖赏系统存在改变。
