Johnston D W
Department of Psychology, St George's Hospital Medical School, London.
Br J Psychiatry. 1989 Feb;154:183-94. doi: 10.1192/bjp.154.2.183.
It is generally recognised that much cardiovascular disease is the result of voluntary behaviour such as smoking cigarettes, and the pursuit of stress-prone lifestyles. Since these risks are primarily behavioural, it is appropriate to attempt to alter them, and hence reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, using psychological methods, and such methods can reduce both biological and psychological stress-related factors. Studies of healthy populations, of those at increased risk, and of patients with clear cardiovascular disease have all shown that risk-related behaviour can be altered and, in some cases, the incidence of cardiovascular disease reduced. Future research will have to extend these findings, which were often on atypical populations, and confirm reduction of cardiovascular disease.
人们普遍认识到，许多心血管疾病是由吸烟等自愿行为以及追求易产生压力的生活方式导致的。由于这些风险主要是行为方面的，所以尝试通过心理方法来改变它们从而降低心血管疾病风险是合适的，而且这类方法能够减少与生物和心理压力相关的因素。对健康人群、高风险人群以及患有明确心血管疾病的患者的研究均表明，与风险相关的行为是可以改变的，并且在某些情况下，心血管疾病的发病率会降低。未来的研究将不得不扩展这些往往针对非典型人群的研究结果，并证实心血管疾病发病率的降低。
