Haimowitz S
New York State Office of Mental Health, Albany 12229.
Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1989 Jul;40(7):732-6. doi: 10.1176/ps.40.7.732.
The epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires mental health clinicians to make many decisions that present legal dilemmas, yet few clear rules of law exist that address HIV antibody testing, confidentiality of information about patients' HIV status, clinicians' duty to protect third parties, and discrimination against HIV-infected individuals in psychiatric settings. The author recommends a balance between the legal interests of infected and uninfected persons in addressing these issues. HIV antibody testing or disclosure of information about an individual's HIV status without informed consent should be strictly limited and done only when clinically necessary. Nondiscriminatory treatment for HIV-infected patients and protection of uninfected persons is best approached by use of universal infection control procedures and individualized clinical judgment.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的流行使得心理健康临床医生需要做出许多存在法律困境的决策，但几乎没有明确的法律规则来处理HIV抗体检测、患者HIV感染状况信息的保密、临床医生保护第三方的职责以及在精神科环境中对HIV感染者的歧视问题。作者建议在处理这些问题时平衡感染者和未感染者的法律权益。未经知情同意进行HIV抗体检测或披露个人HIV感染状况的信息应受到严格限制，且仅在临床必要时进行。对HIV感染患者的非歧视性治疗以及对未感染者的保护，最好通过采用通用的感染控制程序和个体化的临床判断来实现。
