Verweij Karin J H, Creemers Hanneke E, Korhonen Tellervo, Latvala Antti, Dick Danielle M, Rose Richard J, Huizink Anja C, Kaprio Jaakko
Department of Clinical Developmental Psychology and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University, the Netherlands.
Department of Biological Psychology/Netherlands Twin Register, VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Addiction. 2016 Jun;111(6):1036-45. doi: 10.1111/add.13303. Epub 2016 Feb 27.
To determine (1) the prospective associations of conduct problems during early adolescence with tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use in young adulthood and (2) to what extent these associations are due to overlapping genetic versus environmental influences.
A prospective twin study using biometric twin modelling.
Finland.
A total of 1847 Finnish twins (943 males and 904 females) were interviewed in early adolescence, 73% of whom (n = 1353, 640 males and 713 females) were retained in young adulthood.
Symptom counts of conduct disorder (CD) criteria were obtained from a semi-structured clinical interview in early adolescence [age 14-15 years, mean = 14.2, standard deviation (SD) = 0.15]. Frequency of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use was obtained from a semi-structured clinical interview in young adulthood (age 19.9-26.6 years, mean = 22.4, SD = 0.7).
We found modest to moderate phenotypical correlations (r = 0.16-0.35) between early adolescent CD symptoms and substance use in young adulthood. In males, the phenotypical correlations of CD symptoms with all three substance use variables are explained largely by overlapping genetic influences. In females, overlapping shared environmental influences predominantly explain the phenotypical correlation between CD symptoms and tobacco and cannabis use.
Conduct disorder symptoms in early adolescence appear to moderately predict substance use in early adulthood. In males, genetic influences seem to be most important in explaining the relationship between conduct disorder symptoms and substance use whereas in females, shared environmental influences seem to be most important.
确定（1）青春期早期行为问题与青年期烟草、酒精和大麻使用之间的前瞻性关联，以及（2）这些关联在多大程度上归因于重叠的遗传与环境影响。
使用生物统计学双胞胎模型的前瞻性双胞胎研究。
芬兰。
共有1847名芬兰双胞胎（943名男性和904名女性）在青春期早期接受了访谈，其中73%（n = 1353，640名男性和713名女性）在青年期仍被纳入研究。
行为障碍（CD）标准的症状计数通过青春期早期（14 - 15岁，平均 = 14.2，标准差（SD）= 0.15）的半结构化临床访谈获得。酒精、烟草和大麻使用频率通过青年期（19.9 - 26.6岁，平均 = 22.4，SD = 0.7）的半结构化临床访谈获得。
我们发现青春期早期CD症状与青年期物质使用之间存在中等程度的表型相关性（r = 0.16 - 0.35）。在男性中，CD症状与所有三种物质使用变量的表型相关性在很大程度上由重叠的遗传影响解释。在女性中，重叠的共享环境影响主要解释了CD症状与烟草和大麻使用之间的表型相关性。
青春期早期的行为障碍症状似乎适度预测青年期的物质使用。在男性中，遗传影响似乎在解释行为障碍症状与物质使用之间的关系方面最为重要，而在女性中，共享环境影响似乎最为重要。
