Lemogne Cédric
Rev Prat. 2015 Oct;65(8):1027-30.
Empathy may be defined as the ability to understand or even share others' emotional state. It is a multi-faceted construct that relies on discrete psychological processes with specific neural correlates. In the context of doctor-patient relationships, clinical empathy also encompasses the physician's ability to communicate his or her understanding of the emotional state of the patient. However, sharing the emotional states may elicit compassion fatigue and burnout symptoms among physicians and medical students and eventually reduce their empathic capacities. A decline of these capacities is indeed observed during medical training. Perspective-taking may protect physicians from such detrimental effects while allowing them to show sustained empathic concern. Interventions to promote empathy among medical students should target both communication skills and humanist values, as the former may depend on the later to grow.
同理心可以被定义为理解甚至分享他人情绪状态的能力。它是一个多方面的概念，依赖于具有特定神经关联的离散心理过程。在医患关系的背景下，临床同理心还包括医生传达其对患者情绪状态理解的能力。然而，分享情绪状态可能会引发医生和医学生的同情疲劳和职业倦怠症状，并最终降低他们的同理心能力。在医学培训期间确实观察到了这些能力的下降。换位思考可以保护医生免受此类有害影响，同时使他们能够持续表现出同理心关怀。促进医学生同理心的干预措施应针对沟通技巧和人文主义价值观，因为前者的成长可能依赖于后者。
