Hildebrandt N, Leuser C, Miltz D, Henrich E, Schneider M
Nicolai Hildebrandt, Klinikum Veterinärmedizin, Klinik für Kleintiere (Innere Medizin), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Straße 126, 35392 Gießen, E-Mail:
Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere. 2016;44(1):59-64. doi: 10.15654/TPK-150208. Epub 2016 Jan 14.
A 9-week-old intact female dwarf rabbit was presented for evaluation of a heart murmur. Physical examination revealed a grade IV/VI systolic heart murmur with the maximal intensity over the right heart base. Evidence for a left-sided cardiomegaly was present on lateral and dorsoventral radiographs. An electrocardiogram was recorded in right lateral recumbency, which revealed a sinus tachycardia with a heart rate of 360 beats/minute. Echocardiography showed normal dimensions for the atria and ventricles. Two-dimensional echocardiography confirmed the presence of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) with a diameter of 0.8 mm. Identification of the VSD was possible from a right (long and short axes) and a left parasternal window. Peak flow velocity of the systolic left to right shunt was 5.2 m/s. Additionally, a relative pulmonic stenosis (peak flow in the pulmonary artery of 1.02 m/s, pulsed-wave Doppler) was present. According to these findings, the VSD was classified as restrictive. At this time point, medical treatment was unnecessary. The re-examination after 7 weeks revealed unchanged morphological and haemodynamic findings. The VSD in this dwarf rabbit displayed both in the physical and echocardiographic examinations typical features as seen in dogs and cats as well as in one New Zealand white rabbit.
一只9周龄未绝育的雌性矮脚兔因心脏杂音前来评估。体格检查发现有IV/VI级收缩期心脏杂音，最大强度位于右心基部。侧位和背腹位X光片显示有左侧心脏肥大的迹象。在右侧卧位记录了一份心电图，显示窦性心动过速，心率为360次/分钟。超声心动图显示心房和心室大小正常。二维超声心动图证实存在直径为0.8毫米的膜周部室间隔缺损（VSD）。从右（长轴和短轴）和左胸骨旁窗口可以识别出室间隔缺损。收缩期从左向右分流的峰值流速为5.2米/秒。此外，还存在相对肺动脉狭窄（肺动脉峰值流速为1.02米/秒，脉冲波多普勒）。根据这些发现，室间隔缺损被分类为限制性。在这个时间点，无需药物治疗。7周后的复查显示形态学和血流动力学结果未变。这只矮脚兔的室间隔缺损在体格检查和超声心动图检查中均表现出在犬猫以及一只新西兰白兔中所见的典型特征。
