Dennison Sophie E, Van Bonn William, Boor Marjorie, Adams James, Pussini Nicola, Spraker Terry, Gulland Frances M D
Consultant Veterinary Radiologist, Marine Mammal Radiology, San Francisco, California 94107, USA.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2011 Mar 16;94(1):83-8. doi: 10.3354/dao02316.
A yearling California sea lion Zalophus californianus stranded in poor body condition, and on physical examination a heart murmur was audible bilaterally. The sea lion was diagnosed with a left-to-right shunting membranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) using B-mode, color-flow Doppler and continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography. A left-to-right intracardiac shunting lesion was confirmed during cardiac angiographic computed tomography. The VSD defect was verified during the necropsy examination. On histologic examination concurrent mild multifocal myocarditis with focal mild ventricular free-wall myocardial necrosis were identified. A specific cause for the myocarditis and myocardial necrosis was not found, and association with the VSD and resultant myocardial dysfunction was presumed. This is the first report of the antemortem diagnosis of a VSD in a marine mammal and the first report of a VSD in a California sea lion.
一只一岁的加利福尼亚海狮（Zalophus californianus）因身体状况不佳而搁浅，体格检查时双侧可闻及心脏杂音。使用B型、彩色血流多普勒和连续波多普勒超声心动图诊断该海狮患有左向右分流的膜周部室间隔缺损（VSD）。心脏血管造影计算机断层扫描期间证实存在心内左向右分流病变。尸检时证实了室间隔缺损。组织学检查发现同时存在轻度多灶性心肌炎伴局灶性轻度心室游离壁心肌坏死。未发现心肌炎和心肌坏死的具体病因，推测与室间隔缺损及由此导致的心肌功能障碍有关。这是海洋哺乳动物室间隔缺损生前诊断的首例报告，也是加利福尼亚海狮室间隔缺损的首例报告。
