Needham J M, Nicholas S K, Davis C M
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Pediatr Transplant. 2015 Dec;19(8):827-35. doi: 10.1111/petr.12613.
The development of food allergy is an increasingly recognized form of morbidity after solid organ transplant. It occurs more commonly in liver transplant recipients, although it has also been reported in heart, lung, kidney, and intestinal transplants. Pediatric transplant recipients are more likely to develop symptoms compared to adults, and reports of frequency vary widely from 5% to 38% in pediatric liver transplant recipients. Multiple mechanisms have been proposed in the literature, although no single mechanism can yet account for all reported observations. As food allergy can have at worst potentially fatal consequences, and at best require lifestyle adjustment through food avoidance, it is important for recipients to be aware of the donor's food allergies and particularly in pediatrics, the possibility of completely de novo allergies. This review explores the recent reports surrounding food allergy after solid organ transplant, including epidemiology, proposed mechanisms, and implications for practice.
食物过敏是实体器官移植后一种日益被认识到的发病形式。它在肝移植受者中更常见，不过在心脏、肺、肾和肠道移植中也有报道。与成人相比，儿科移植受者更易出现症状，儿科肝移植受者中食物过敏症状的发生率报道差异很大，从5%到38%不等。文献中提出了多种机制，尽管尚无单一机制能解释所有已报道的观察结果。由于食物过敏最坏情况下可能会有致命后果，最好情况下则需要通过避免食用某些食物来调整生活方式，因此让受者了解供者的食物过敏情况非常重要，尤其是在儿科，要了解完全新发过敏的可能性。本综述探讨了实体器官移植后食物过敏的近期报道，包括流行病学、提出的机制以及对临床实践的影响。
