Fakhoury Marc
Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Mol Neurobiol. 2017 Jan;54(1):768-778. doi: 10.1007/s12035-016-9697-5. Epub 2016 Jan 15.
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a group of neuromodulatory lipids, enzymes, and receptors involved in numerous behavioral and physiological processes such as mood, memory, and appetite. Recently, longitudinal and postmortem studies have shown that the ECS might be involved in neuropsychiatric disorders like schizophrenia. However, despite the large amount of research, our knowledge of the ECS and its implication in this debilitating disorder is still largely limited. This review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge of the ECS in schizophrenia and presenting some potential antipsychotic compounds that modulate this system. Findings from animal and human studies, and their implications for pharmacotherapy, will be integrated and discussed in this paper. A closer look will be given at the roles of the cannabinoid receptors type 1 (CB) and type 2 (CB), as well as the endogenous ligand N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-arachidonylglycerol (2-AG), in the development of psychotic and schizophrenia-like symptoms.
内源性大麻素系统（ECS）是一组神经调节性脂质、酶和受体，参与多种行为和生理过程，如情绪、记忆和食欲。最近，纵向研究和尸检研究表明，ECS可能与精神分裂症等神经精神疾病有关。然而，尽管进行了大量研究，我们对ECS及其在这种致残性疾病中的作用的了解仍然非常有限。本综述旨在全面概述精神分裂症中ECS的当前知识状态，并介绍一些调节该系统的潜在抗精神病化合物。本文将整合并讨论动物和人体研究的结果及其对药物治疗的意义。我们将更深入地探讨1型大麻素受体（CB1）和2型大麻素受体（CB2），以及内源性配体N-花生四烯酰乙醇胺（AEA）和2-花生四烯酰甘油（2-AG）在精神病性和精神分裂症样症状发展中的作用。
