Srinivasan Punitha, Lawa Ha'i Raga, Rosado Jorge L, Al Mamun Abdullah, Khatun Mohsina, Santos José I, Utzinger Jürg, Long Kurt Z
Government Primary Health Center, Madurai, India.
UN World Food Programme, West Timor, Indonesia.
Acta Trop. 2016 Apr;156:48-56. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.12.001. Epub 2016 Jan 7.
A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out among Mexico children aged 6-15 months to determine how household characteristics modify vitamin A and zinc supplementation efficacy on Ascaris lumbricoides, Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba histolytica/E. dispar infection durations. Children assigned to receive vitamin A every 2 months, a daily zinc supplement, a combined vitamin A-zinc supplement or a placebo were followed for 1 year. Parametric hazard models were fit to infection durations stratified by personal and household factors. Children supplemented with vitamin A and zinc combined from households lacking piped water and children in all three treatment arms from households with dirt floors had longer G. intestinalis and A. lumbricoides infection durations than their counterparts, respectively. Shorter E. histolytica/E.dispar durations were found among zinc-supplemented children of mothers who had <6 years of education and no indoor bathrooms. Heterogeneity in supplementation efficacy among children may reflect differences in exposure risk and baseline immune responses.
在墨西哥6至15个月大的儿童中开展了一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验，以确定家庭特征如何改变维生素A和锌补充剂对蛔虫、贾第虫和溶组织内阿米巴/迪氏内阿米巴感染持续时间的疗效。分配接受每2个月一次维生素A、每日锌补充剂、维生素A - 锌联合补充剂或安慰剂的儿童随访1年。对按个人和家庭因素分层的感染持续时间拟合参数风险模型。来自缺乏自来水家庭且补充维生素A和锌联合制剂的儿童，以及来自有泥土地面家庭的所有三个治疗组的儿童，其贾第虫和蛔虫感染持续时间分别比相应对照组更长。在母亲受教育年限<6年且没有室内卫生间的补充锌的儿童中，溶组织内阿米巴/迪氏内阿米巴感染持续时间较短。儿童补充剂疗效的异质性可能反映了暴露风险和基线免疫反应的差异。
