在资源有限环境中应对即时诊断技术挑战的进展。
Advances in addressing technical challenges of point-of-care diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
作者信息
Wang ShuQi, Lifson Mark A, Inci Fatih, Liang Li-Guo, Sheng Ye-Feng, Demirci Utkan
机构信息
a State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China.
b Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases , Hangzhou , China.
出版信息
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2016;16(4):449-59. doi: 10.1586/14737159.2016.1142877. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
The striking prevalence of HIV, TB and malaria, as well as outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases, such as influenza A (H7N9), Ebola and MERS, poses great challenges for patient care in resource-limited settings (RLS). However, advanced diagnostic technologies cannot be implemented in RLS largely due to economic constraints. Simple and inexpensive point-of-care (POC) diagnostics, which rely less on environmental context and operator training, have thus been extensively studied to achieve early diagnosis and treatment monitoring in non-laboratory settings. Despite great input from material science, biomedical engineering and nanotechnology for developing POC diagnostics, significant technical challenges are yet to be overcome. Summarized here are the technical challenges associated with POC diagnostics from a RLS perspective and the latest advances in addressing these challenges are reviewed.
艾滋病毒、结核病和疟疾的高流行率，以及甲型流感（H7N9）、埃博拉和中东呼吸综合征等新发传染病的爆发，给资源有限环境下的患者护理带来了巨大挑战。然而，由于经济限制，先进的诊断技术无法在资源有限环境中实施。因此，对依赖环境条件和操作人员培训较少的简单且廉价的即时检测（POC）诊断方法进行了广泛研究，以在非实验室环境中实现早期诊断和治疗监测。尽管材料科学、生物医学工程和纳米技术在开发即时检测诊断方法方面投入巨大，但仍有重大技术挑战有待克服。本文从资源有限环境的角度总结了与即时检测诊断相关的技术挑战，并综述了应对这些挑战的最新进展。
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