Milani Andrea, Geuna Elena, Zucchini Giorgia, Aversa Caterina, Martinello Rossella, Montemurro Filippo
Investigative Clinical Oncology (INCO), Fondazione del Piemonte per l'Oncologia, Candiolo Cancer Institute (IRCCs), Turin, Italy -
Minerva Ginecol. 2016 Oct;68(5):557-65. Epub 2016 Jan 22.
About 10% of breast cancers are associated with the inheritance of autosomal dominant breast cancer susceptibility alleles BRCA1 and BRCA2. Until recently, the medical management of BRCA mutation-associated breast cancer has not differed from that of the sporadic breast cancer counterpart. However, there is mounting evidence that this molecular alteration confers sensitivity or resistance to systemic therapies that can be exploited in terms of medical management. For example, studies support the use of platinum salts chemotherapy in BRCA mutated cancers. Moreover, a number of targeted therapies are showing activity in BRCA mutation carriers. Above all, BRCA defective tumor cells are particularly sensitive to Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. This review will summarize the state of the art of the medical treatment of breast cancer in BRCA mutation carriers, with a particular focus on chemotherapies and targeted therapies.
约10%的乳腺癌与常染色体显性乳腺癌易感等位基因BRCA1和BRCA2的遗传有关。直到最近，BRCA突变相关乳腺癌的医学管理与散发性乳腺癌并无差异。然而，越来越多的证据表明，这种分子改变赋予了对全身治疗的敏感性或抗性，可在医学管理方面加以利用。例如，研究支持在BRCA突变的癌症中使用铂盐化疗。此外，一些靶向治疗在BRCA突变携带者中显示出活性。最重要的是，BRCA缺陷的肿瘤细胞对聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶（PARP）抑制剂特别敏感。本综述将总结BRCA突变携带者乳腺癌医学治疗的现状，特别关注化疗和靶向治疗。
