Williams Louise R, Grealy Madeleine A, Kelly Steve W, Henderson Iona, Butler Stephen H
School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK.
School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2016 Feb;164:127-35. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2015.12.012. Epub 2016 Jan 19.
Consistent with the right hemispheric dominance for face processing, a left perceptual bias (LPB) is typically demonstrated by younger adults viewing faces and a left eye movement bias has also been revealed. Hemispheric asymmetry is predicted to reduce with age and older adults have demonstrated a weaker LPB, particularly when viewing time is restricted. What is currently unclear is whether age also weakens the left eye movement bias. Additionally, a right perceptual bias (RPB) for facial judgments has less frequently been demonstrated, but whether this is accompanied by a right eye movement bias has not been investigated. To address these issues older and younger adults' eye movements and gender judgments of chimeric faces were recorded in two time conditions. Age did not significantly weaken the LPB or eye movement bias; both groups looked initially to the left side of the face and made more fixations when the gender judgment was based on the left side. A positive association was found between LPB and initial saccades in the freeview condition and with all eye movements (initial saccades, number and duration of fixations) when time was restricted. The accompanying eye movement bias revealed by LPB participants contrasted with RPB participants who demonstrated no eye movement bias in either time condition. Consequently, increased age is not clearly associated with weakened perceptual and eye movement biases. Instead an eye movement bias accompanies an LPB (particularly under restricted viewing time conditions) but not an RPB.
与右半球在面部加工中的优势相一致，年轻成年人在观看面部时通常表现出左知觉偏向（LPB），并且还揭示了左眼运动偏向。预计半球不对称会随着年龄增长而减少，老年人表现出较弱的LPB，尤其是在观看时间受限的情况下。目前尚不清楚年龄是否也会削弱左眼运动偏向。此外，对面部判断的右知觉偏向（RPB）较少被证明，但尚未研究这是否伴随着右眼运动偏向。为了解决这些问题，在两种时间条件下记录了老年人和年轻人对嵌合面孔的眼动和性别判断。年龄并没有显著削弱LPB或眼动偏向；两组最初都看向面部左侧，并且当基于左侧进行性别判断时会有更多注视。在自由观看条件下，LPB与初始扫视之间以及在时间受限情况下与所有眼动（初始扫视、注视次数和持续时间）之间发现了正相关。LPB参与者表现出的伴随眼动偏向与RPB参与者形成对比，后者在两种时间条件下均未表现出眼动偏向。因此，年龄增长与知觉和眼动偏向减弱并没有明显关联。相反，眼动偏向伴随着LPB（特别是在观看时间受限的条件下），但不伴随着RPB。
