Donaldson G, McCorkle R, Georgiadou F, Benoliel J Q
Multivariate Behav Res. 1986 Jul 1;21(3):267-98. doi: 10.1207/s15327906mbr2103_1.
The effects of life-threatening illness on 56 lung cancer and 65 heart attack patients at one and two months postdiagnosis were assessed with objective self-report inventories measuring symptom distress, social dependency, concerns, mood, personality, and evaluation of problem management. Lung cancer patients had more symptom distress and concerns, and evaluated themselves more harshly, than heart attack patients. Although symptom distress remained unchanged, both kinds of patients reported significant improvement in mood and concerns by the second month postdiagnosis; this improvement was interpreted as a result of assimilating the life-threatening aspects of these diseases. Structural equation models of individual differences suggested that, even though the two groups were characterized by mean differences, the causal processes within the two groups were similar, with symptom distress the most pervasive and powerful influence. The importance of conducting both individual differences and group differences analyses was stressed.
利用客观的自我报告量表评估了56名肺癌患者和65名心脏病发作患者在确诊后1个月和2个月时，危及生命的疾病对他们产生的影响，这些量表用于测量症状困扰、社会依赖、担忧、情绪、性格以及问题处理评估。与心脏病发作患者相比，肺癌患者有更多的症状困扰和担忧，且对自己的评价更严苛。尽管症状困扰没有变化，但两类患者在确诊后第二个月均报告称情绪和担忧有显著改善；这种改善被解释为是吸收了这些疾病危及生命方面信息的结果。个体差异的结构方程模型表明，尽管两组患者存在均值差异，但两组内部的因果过程相似，症状困扰是最普遍、最有力的影响因素。强调了进行个体差异和群体差异分析的重要性。
