Rao Vijayaraghava T S, Ludwin Samuel K, Fuh Shih-Chieh, Sawaya Robin, Moore Craig S, Ho Ming-Kai, Bedell Barry J, Sarnat Harvey B, Bar-Or Amit, Antel Jack P
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2016 Feb;75(2):156-66. doi: 10.1093/jnen/nlv016.
Anatomic distribution and age are variables linked to functions of astrocytes under physiologic and pathologic conditions. We measured the relative expression of a panel of microRNAs (miRNAs) in astrocytes captured by laser micro-dissection from normal human adult white and grey matter, human fetal white matter and germinal matrix samples. Although expression of most miRNAs was comparable between adult and fetal samples, regional differences were observed. In the adult cerebral cortex, expression of miRNAs in morphologically distinct inter-laminar astrocytes underlying the glial limitans differed from those in deeper cortical layers, suggesting functional specialization possibly related to structural stability and defense from potentially harmful factors in the cerebrospinal fluid. Differences between adult white and grey matter miRNA expression included higher expression of pro-inflammatory miRNAs in the former, potentially contributing to differences in inflammation between grey and white matter plaques in multiple sclerosis. Lower expression of miRNAs in fetal versus adult white matter astrocytes likely reflects the immaturity of these migrating cells. Highly expressed miRNAs in the fetal germinal matrix are probably relevant in development and also recapitulate some responses to injury. Future studies can address regional alterations of miRNA expression in pathological conditions.
解剖分布和年龄是与生理和病理条件下星形胶质细胞功能相关的变量。我们测量了通过激光显微切割从正常成人人类白质和灰质、人类胎儿白质和生发基质样本中捕获的星形胶质细胞中一组微小RNA（miRNA）的相对表达。虽然大多数miRNA在成人和胎儿样本中的表达相当，但观察到了区域差异。在成人脑皮质中，胶质界膜下形态学上不同的层间星形胶质细胞中miRNA的表达与较深皮质层中的不同，这表明功能特化可能与结构稳定性以及抵御脑脊液中潜在有害因素有关。成人白质和灰质miRNA表达的差异包括前者中促炎miRNA的表达较高，这可能导致多发性硬化症中灰质和白质斑块炎症的差异。胎儿白质星形胶质细胞与成人白质星形胶质细胞相比miRNA表达较低，这可能反映了这些迁移细胞的不成熟。胎儿生发基质中高表达的miRNA可能与发育相关，也概括了一些对损伤的反应。未来的研究可以探讨病理条件下miRNA表达的区域变化。
