Bellehumeur Karyne, Lapointe Dominique, Cooke Steven J, Moon Thomas W
Department of Biology, and Centre for Advanced Research in Environmental Genomics, University of Ottawa, 130 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada; Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada.
Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Sep;199:97-104. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.01.005. Epub 2016 Jan 12.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are recognized physiological stressors to fish which over time may impair individual performance and perhaps fitness by inducing changes that could have population-level consequences. PCB-126 (3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl) accumulates in lipids and can subsequently be released into the bloodstream during periods of high activity that involve the mobilization of stored fuels to meet with increasing energy demands. The goal of this study was to determine if a sublethal exposure to PCB-126 altered the content of tissue energy supplies (carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, triglycerides) and impaired swimming performance as well as oxygen consumption in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Trout were injected intraperitoneally with a single Low (100μgkg(-1)) or High (400μgkg(-1)) dose of PCB-126 then swimming performance and metabolic rates from 1 to 9days post-injection were compared to Control (non-dosed) fish. Liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was assessed as an indication of PCB-126 intoxication while plasma and white muscle tissue metabolites were analyzed as an index of physiological disturbance. Swimming performance, assessed using two successive modified critical swimming speed (Ucrit) tests, was highest for fish in the High PCB-126 treatment; however, their initial condition factor (K) was also higher, largely due to their greater body mass. Trout in the High and Low PCB-126 treatments exhibited impaired recovery following intense exercise as they swam comparatively poorly when provided a second challenge. PCB-exposed fish exhibited reduced spleen somatic indices as well as muscle glucose and glycogen contents; whereas plasma cortisol and glucose levels were elevated, indicating higher metabolic costs during recovery and muscle restoration. Overall, this research provides insights into the sublethal effects of a toxic organic compound on swimming performance in trout.
多氯联苯（PCBs）是公认的鱼类生理应激源，随着时间的推移，它们可能会通过引发一些可能产生种群水平后果的变化来损害个体的表现，甚至可能影响其健康状况。PCB - 126（3,3',4,4',5 - 五氯联苯）会在脂质中蓄积，随后在涉及动员储存燃料以满足不断增加的能量需求的高活动期释放到血液中。本研究的目的是确定亚致死剂量的PCB - 126暴露是否会改变组织能量供应（碳水化合物、蛋白质、氨基酸、甘油三酯）的含量，以及是否会损害虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）的游泳表现和耗氧量。将虹鳟腹腔注射单次低剂量（100μgkg(-1)）或高剂量（400μgkg(-1)）的PCB - 126，然后将注射后1至9天的游泳表现和代谢率与对照（未给药）鱼进行比较。评估肝脏乙氧基异吩唑酮 - O - 脱乙基酶（EROD）活性以指示PCB - 126中毒情况，同时分析血浆和白色肌肉组织代谢物作为生理紊乱指标。使用两次连续的改良临界游泳速度（Ucrit）测试评估游泳表现，结果显示接受高剂量PCB - 126处理的鱼的游泳表现最高；然而，它们的初始条件因子（K）也更高，这主要是由于它们更大的体重。高剂量和低剂量PCB - 126处理的虹鳟在剧烈运动后的恢复能力受损，因为在面临第二次挑战时它们的游泳表现相对较差。暴露于PCB的鱼的脾脏体指数以及肌肉中的葡萄糖和糖原含量降低；而血浆皮质醇和葡萄糖水平升高，表明在恢复和肌肉修复过程中的代谢成本更高。总体而言，本研究为一种有毒有机化合物对虹鳟游泳表现的亚致死效应提供了见解。
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