Yang Bo, Shi Mei-Qi, Li Zi-Hao, Yang Jian-Jun, Li Duo
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
Nutrients. 2016 Jan 21;8(1):58. doi: 10.3390/nu8010058.
Results from prospective cohort studies on fish or long-chain (LC) n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) intake and elevated blood pressure (EBP) are inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the summary effects. Pertinent studies were identified from PubMed and EMBASE database through October 2015. Multivariate-adjusted risk ratios (RRs) for incidence of EBP in the highest verses the bottom category of baseline intake of fish or LC n-3 PUFA were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. Over the follow-up ranging from 3 to 20 years, 20,497 EBP events occurred among 56,204 adults from eight prospective cohort studies. The summary RR (SRR) was 0.96 (95% CI: 0.81, 1.14; I² = 44.70%) for fish in four studies, and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.60, 0.89; I² = 75.00%) for LC n-3 PUFA in six studies (three studies for biomarker vs. three studies for diet). Circulating LC n-3 PUFA as biomarker was inversely associated with incidence of EBP (SRR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.83), especially docosahexaenoic acid (SRR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.88), whereas no significant association was found for dietary intake (SRR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.58, 1.10). The present finding suggests that increased intake of docosahexaenoic acid to improve its circulating levels may benefit primary prevention of EBP.
关于鱼类或长链（LC）n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）摄入与血压升高（EBP）的前瞻性队列研究结果并不一致。我们旨在研究总体效应。通过检索截至2015年10月的PubMed和EMBASE数据库，确定了相关研究。使用随机效应荟萃分析，汇总了鱼类或LC n-3 PUFA基线摄入量最高组与最低组中EBP发生率的多变量调整风险比（RRs）。在3至20年的随访期间，八项前瞻性队列研究中的56,204名成年人发生了20,497例EBP事件。四项研究中鱼类的汇总RR（SRR）为0.96（95%CI：0.81, 1.14；I² = 44.70%），六项研究中LC n-3 PUFA的汇总RR为0.73（95%CI：0.60, 0.89；I² = 75.00%）（三项生物标志物研究对三项饮食研究）。作为生物标志物的循环LC n-3 PUFA与EBP发生率呈负相关（SRR：0.67；95%CI：0.55, 0.83），尤其是二十二碳六烯酸（SRR：0.64；95%CI：0.45, 0.88），而饮食摄入量未发现显著关联（SRR：0.80；95%CI：0.58, 1.10）。目前的研究结果表明，增加二十二碳六烯酸的摄入量以提高其循环水平可能有益于EBP的一级预防。
