Uspenskaya Zoya I, Yudin Alexander L
Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Eur J Protistol. 2016 Apr;53:31-44. doi: 10.1016/j.ejop.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 21.
The ciliate Dileptus anser is increasingly used as a laboratory model not only in protozoological research sensu stricto, but also in general biology. However, genetic studies of this ciliate have never been carried out, and this species is new to the comparative genetics of ciliates. This review describes the genetic experiments conducted at the Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the last 50 years. Two characters that are classical for the genetics of ciliates, serotypes and mating types were selected for analysis. The results presented do not fit into conventional genetic schemes and may have epigenetic nature. Features of this model that were revealed earlier (the simplest possible system of multiple mating types, full serial dominance of the alleles in the mat locus, the excretion of pheromones, etc.) are promising with regard to interesting comparisons of breeding systems in ciliates. The results obtained in studies of mating pheromones in D. anser have demonstrated that this model is a perspective one for further exploration of intercellular recognition in lower eukaryotes and of other related issues.
纤毛虫类的鹅颈双滴虫不仅在狭义的原生动物学研究中，而且在普通生物学中越来越多地被用作实验室模型。然而，对这种纤毛虫的遗传学研究从未进行过，并且该物种在纤毛虫的比较遗传学中是新的。这篇综述描述了俄罗斯科学院细胞学研究所过去50年进行的遗传学实验。选择了纤毛虫遗传学中的两个经典特征，血清型和交配型进行分析。所呈现的结果不符合传统的遗传模式，可能具有表观遗传性质。该模型早期揭示的特征（多重交配型的最简单可能系统、mat基因座上等位基因的完全序列显性、信息素的分泌等）对于纤毛虫繁殖系统的有趣比较很有前景。在鹅颈双滴虫交配信息素研究中获得的结果表明，该模型对于进一步探索低等真核生物中的细胞间识别及其他相关问题是一个有前景的模型。
