Chandrasekhar Dilip, Chalilparambil Jaffer, Kallungal Sajitha Mukriyan, Pattani Danisha, Chandrakumar Abin, Pokkavayalil Vikas
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar;27(2):155-62. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2015-0020.
The widespread misuse of antibiotics over the past several decades has been regarded as the contributing factor in the development of resistance toward them. Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are enzymes produced by certain bacteria that can make them resistant to certain antibiotics. Early detection of ESBL strains and judicious use of antibiotics and proper implementation of infection control strategies are essential to prevent the spread of this threat in the community. The study aimed at appraising the prevalence, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of ESBL-producing microorganisms.
A prospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary care referral hospital located in Malappuram district of Kerala among inpatients with infection by ESBL-producing bacteria in order to estimate the prevalence, risk factors and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern.
Out of the total 1156 patients studied, 118 had confirmed diagnosis on the presence of ESBL-producing microorganisms. Overall, 9.79% of all samples growing Enterobacteriaceae yielded an ESBL producer. Out of the total isolates identified, 66.1% were urinary tract infections, 15.1% were respiratory tract infections, 14.4% were surgical site infections and the remaining constituted blood stream infections. The highest antimicrobial activity against ESBL-producing isolates was observed for meropenem.
High prevalence of ESBL-producing organisms is evident in the study setting implicating the necessity to report the ESBL production along with the routine sensitivity reports supplemented with control measures which can assist a clinician in prescribing appropriate antibiotics.
在过去几十年中，抗生素的广泛滥用被视为导致细菌产生耐药性的一个因素。超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）是某些细菌产生的酶，可使这些细菌对某些抗生素产生耐药性。早期检测ESBL菌株、明智地使用抗生素以及正确实施感染控制策略对于防止这种威胁在社区中传播至关重要。本研究旨在评估产ESBL微生物的流行情况、危险因素及抗菌药物敏感性模式。
在喀拉拉邦马拉普拉姆区一家三级医疗转诊医院对产ESBL细菌感染的住院患者进行了一项前瞻性观察研究，以评估其流行情况、危险因素及其抗生素敏感性模式。
在总共1156名研究患者中，有118人确诊存在产ESBL微生物。总体而言，所有培养出肠杆菌科细菌的样本中，9.79%培养出了产ESBL菌株。在鉴定出的所有分离株中，66.1%为尿路感染，15.1%为呼吸道感染，14.4%为手术部位感染，其余为血流感染。美罗培南对产ESBL分离株的抗菌活性最高。
在本研究环境中产ESBL生物的高流行率显而易见，这意味着有必要在常规药敏报告中报告ESBL的产生情况，并辅以控制措施，这有助于临床医生开具合适的抗生素。
