Hollowell Jean G
Albany Medical College, The Urological Institute of Northeastern, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
Transl Androl Urol. 2014 Dec;3(4):377-81. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2014.11.10.
The purpose of this chapter is to review hormonal therapy in cryptorchidism in boys to improve fertility.
Multiple searches, primarily in PubMed, were performed using various combinations of the terms: cryptorchidism, undescended testis (UDT), hormonal therapy, fertility, infertility, germ cell numbers, spermatogonia and semen analyses. In additions the pertinent articles from the reference lists in these papers were also obtained and reviewed.
Data on fertility in unilateral cryptorchidism does not reveal a significant risk for infertility. Testes biopsies in childhood do not correlate with fertility parameters in adulthood. In bilateral cryptorchidism there is a significant risk of infertility. Results of hormonal treatment were not reported separately for bilateral cryptorchidism. Current data is insufficient to know if hormonal therapy is efficacious in bilateral UDT.
Hormonal therapy should not be used in childhood to improve fertility in cases of unilateral cryptorchidism. Testes biopsies in childhood to identify those at risk for infertility should not be performed in unilateral cryptorchidism. More data are needed to answer whether hormonal therapy is beneficial in bilateral UDT. There is insufficient data to establish that testis biopsies are helpful in bilateral cryptorchidism in identifying the subgroup with risk for infertility. They should not be performed in the routine clinical setting but may have a role in a research protocol.
本章旨在综述针对男孩隐睾症的激素治疗，以提高生育能力。
主要在PubMed中进行了多次检索，使用了以下术语的各种组合：隐睾症、未降睾丸（UDT）、激素治疗、生育能力、不育症、生殖细胞数量、精原细胞和精液分析。此外，还获取并审阅了这些论文参考文献列表中的相关文章。
关于单侧隐睾症生育能力的数据并未显示出不育的显著风险。儿童期的睾丸活检与成年后的生育参数无关。双侧隐睾症存在显著的不育风险。双侧隐睾症的激素治疗结果未单独报告。目前的数据不足以确定激素治疗对双侧UDT是否有效。
在儿童期，单侧隐睾症病例不应使用激素治疗来提高生育能力。单侧隐睾症不应进行儿童期睾丸活检以识别有不育风险的患者。需要更多数据来回答激素治疗对双侧UDT是否有益。目前尚无足够数据证实睾丸活检有助于在双侧隐睾症中识别有不育风险的亚组。不应在常规临床环境中进行，但可能在研究方案中发挥作用。
