Leung Andrew, Mira Jose, Hsiao Wayland
1 Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA ; 2 Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA ; 3 Kaiser Permanente, Oakland Medical Center, Department of Urology, Oakland, CA 94611, USA.
Transl Androl Urol. 2014 Mar;3(1):94-101. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4683.2014.02.03.
In the most extreme form of male infertility, the male partner is azoospermic. The advent of in vitro fertilization (IVF)-intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has revolutionized our ability to treat azoospermia in both obstructive and non-obstructive cases. In obstructive azoospermia, it allows paternity without microsurgical reproductive tract reconstruction and also in cases where the reproductive tract is unreconstructable. In men with non-obstructive azoospermia, microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) has allowed us to retrieve sperm in men with exceedingly low sperm production. The introduction of microsurgery in sperm retrieval improves sperm yields and quality while minimizing the chance of surgical morbidity.
在男性不育的最极端形式中,男性伴侣无精子症。体外受精(IVF)-卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)的出现彻底改变了我们治疗梗阻性和非梗阻性无精子症的能力。在梗阻性无精子症中,它无需进行显微外科生殖道重建就能实现生育,在生殖道无法重建的情况下也能如此。在非梗阻性无精子症男性中,显微切割睾丸取精术(mTESE)使我们能够从精子产量极低的男性中获取精子。精子获取中显微外科手术的引入提高了精子产量和质量,同时将手术并发症的风险降至最低。