Bruneau Stéphane, Foletti Jean-Marc, Muller Samuel, Vercasson Camille, Lauwers Frederic, Guyot Laurent
Marseille and Toulouse, France From the North University Hospital; the University Hospital Purpan; and Aix-Marseille University.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Feb;137(2):305e-312e. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000475756.78956.40.
It is commonly assumed that a progressive sagging of the eyebrow occurs with the facial aging process. Only a few studies have analyzed this modification, and the findings are disparate and inconclusive. This study, based on reproducible and validated data, aimed to quantify the modifications of eyebrow position that may occur with aging. Also analyzed were the effects of these eyebrow position changes on the upper eyelid and on frontal muscle activity.
The study included 95 Caucasian adults divided in three groups: 20 to 39, 40 to 59, and 60 to 79 years of age. Photographic portraits were made using a standardized photograph protocol. Eyebrow position was evaluated from the intercanthal line to four points along the upper margin of the eyebrow. The upper eyelid height, the lid sulcus height, and the upper iris coverage were measured. Severity of the forehead lines was analyzed using a validated scale. Reliability and validity of all measures were controlled beforehand.
No significant differences were found when comparing eyebrow height above the medial canthus, the pupil, the lateral sclero-corneal limbus, and the lateral canthus between groups (p > 0.5). In addition, results suggested an increase of dermatochalasis when eyebrow height decreased. Also demonstrated was a significant increase of frontal muscle activity with aging.
In contrast to conventional descriptions, this study demonstrated the stability of the eyebrow position with aging. This results from a physiological state of muscular compensation and may help explain the questionable results of eyebrow surgery.
人们通常认为随着面部衰老过程，眉毛会逐渐下垂。仅有少数研究分析了这种变化，且结果各异、尚无定论。本研究基于可重复且经过验证的数据，旨在量化衰老可能导致的眉毛位置变化。同时还分析了这些眉毛位置变化对上眼睑和额肌活动的影响。
该研究纳入了95名白种成年人，分为三组：20至39岁、40至59岁和60至79岁。使用标准化拍照方案拍摄人像照片。从内眦线到眉上缘的四个点评估眉毛位置。测量上眼睑高度、睑沟高度和上虹膜覆盖度。使用经过验证的量表分析额纹严重程度。所有测量的可靠性和有效性均预先进行了控制。
比较各组在内眦、瞳孔、外侧巩膜角膜缘和外眦上方的眉毛高度时，未发现显著差异（p>0.5）。此外，结果表明眉毛高度降低时上睑皮肤松弛增加。还表明随着年龄增长额肌活动显著增加。
与传统描述相反，本研究证明了随着年龄增长眉毛位置的稳定性。这源于肌肉代偿的生理状态，可能有助于解释眉毛手术结果存在争议的原因。
