Moret-Tatay Inés, Iborra Marisa, Cerrillo Elena, Tortosa Luis, Nos Pilar, Beltrán Belén
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Group, IIS Hospital La Fe, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain; CIBERehd, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Barcelona, Spain; Gastroenterology Department, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Avenida Fernado Abril Martorell, No. 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2016;2016:2325162. doi: 10.1155/2016/2325162. Epub 2015 Dec 28.
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory disorder characterised by a transmural inflammation of the intestinal wall. Although the physiopathology of the disease is not yet fully understood, it is clear that the immune response plays an important role in it. This hyperreactive immune system is accompanied by the presence of unregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS). These elements are modulated in normal conditions by different elements, including enzymes that function as antioxidant defences preventing the harmful effects of ROS. However, in CD there is an imbalance between ROS production and these antioxidant elements, resulting in oxidative stress (OxS) phenomena. In fact, now OxS is being considered more a potential etiological factor for Crohn's disease rather than a concomitant effect in the disease. The persistence of the OxS can also be influencing the evolution of the disease. Furthermore, the epigenetic mechanisms, above all microRNAs, are being considered key elements in the pathogenesis of CD. These elements and the presence of OxS have also been linked to several diseases. We, therefore, describe in this review the most significant findings related to oxidative stress and microRNAs profiles in the peripheral blood of CD patients.
克罗恩病（CD）是一种炎症性疾病，其特征是肠壁全层炎症。尽管该疾病的生理病理学尚未完全了解，但很明显免疫反应在其中起重要作用。这种高反应性免疫系统伴随着不受调节的活性氧（ROS）的存在。在正常情况下，这些物质由不同因素调节，包括作为抗氧化防御发挥作用的酶，可防止ROS的有害影响。然而，在CD中，ROS产生与这些抗氧化元素之间存在失衡，导致氧化应激（OxS）现象。事实上，现在OxS更多地被认为是克罗恩病的潜在病因，而非该疾病的伴随效应。OxS的持续存在也可能影响疾病的发展。此外，表观遗传机制，尤其是微小RNA，被认为是CD发病机制中的关键因素。这些因素以及OxS的存在也与多种疾病有关。因此，在本综述中，我们描述了与CD患者外周血中氧化应激和微小RNA谱相关的最重要发现。
