Moretti Eduardo Gregolin, Yujra Veronica Quispe, Claudio Samuel Rangel, Silva Marcelo Jose Dias, Vilegas Wagner, Pereira Camilo Dias Seabra, de Oliveira Flavia, Ribeiro Daniel Araki
Departamento de Biociências, Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, Av. Ana Costa 95, Zip Code 11060-001, Santos, SP, Brazil.
Department of Pathology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2016 Apr;23(8):8104-12. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-6141-3. Epub 2016 Jan 29.
Crack cocaine is a very toxic product derived from cocaine. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic damage in multiple organs of rats following acute exposure to crack cocaine. A total of 20 Wistar rats were distributed into four groups (n = 5), as follows: 0, 4.5, 9, and 18 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of crack cocaine administered by intraperitoneal route (i.p.). All animals were killed 24 h after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. The results showed that crack cocaine increased the number of micronucleated cells in bone marrow cells exposed to 18 mg/kg crack cocaine (p < 0.05). Peripheral blood and liver cells presented genetic damage as depicted by single cell gel (comet) assay at 9 and 18 mg/kg doses (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemistry data revealed significant increase in 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunoexpression in hepatocytes of animals exposed to crack cocaine at 9 and 18 mg/kg (p < 0.05) when compared with negative controls. Taken together, our results demonstrate that crack cocaine is able to induce genomic damage in multiple organs of Wistar rats.
快克可卡因是一种由可卡因衍生而来的毒性很强的产品。本研究的目的是评估大鼠急性接触快克可卡因后多个器官的遗传损伤情况。总共20只Wistar大鼠被分为四组（每组n = 5），分组如下：腹腔注射0、4.5、9和18毫克/千克体重的快克可卡因。所有动物在腹腔注射24小时后处死。结果显示，快克可卡因使接触18毫克/千克快克可卡因的骨髓细胞中的微核细胞数量增加（p < 0.05）。在9毫克/千克和18毫克/千克剂量下，外周血和肝细胞通过单细胞凝胶（彗星）试验呈现出遗传损伤（p < 0.05）。免疫组织化学数据显示，与阴性对照组相比，接触9毫克/千克和18毫克/千克快克可卡因的动物肝细胞中8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG）免疫表达显著增加（p < 0.05）。综上所述，我们的结果表明，快克可卡因能够在Wistar大鼠的多个器官中诱导基因组损伤。
