Deep venous thrombosis of the upper extremity: case reports and review of the literature.

The development of a thrombosis of the axillary-subclavian vein has long been an uncommon clinical entity. The more routinely use of central venous lines in modern patient management, however, has increased its incidence. Three cases of deep venous thrombosis of the upper extremity are reported. The different possible etiologic factors, the diagnostic tools, complications and different treatments--both conservative and non-conservative--are reviewed and discussed.