Han Hongxiao, Peng Jinbiao, Hong Yang, Fu Zhiqiang, Lu Ke, Li Hao, Zhu Chuangang, Zhao Qiuhua, Lin Jiaojiao
Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200241, China; Minhang Animal Disease Control Center, Shanghai 201109, China.
Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Ministry of Agriculture, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang, Shanghai 200241, China.
Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2015 Dec;204(2):81-88. doi: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2015.11.005. Epub 2016 Feb 2.
The reed vole Microtus fortis is the only known mammal in which the schistosome is naturally prevented from maturing and schistosome infection does not cause significant pathogenesis. However, the mechanism behind this phenomenon remains unknown. In the present study, Solexa deep sequencing technology was used to carry out high-throughput sequencing and comparative analysis of microRNA (miRNA) between small RNA libraries isolated from 10 days oldschistosomula of M. fortis and BALB/c mice.In total, 10d schistosomula from M. fortis and BALB/c mice yielded 13.37 and 10.84 million reads, respectively, and nearly 39% and 40% of reads could be mapped to selected miRNAs in miRbase. Based on a bioinformatic analysis, we found that most of the miRNAs identified in Schistosoma japonicum were detected in our study. Further analysis revealed that 24 miRNAs were differentially expressed between the schistosomula from the two rodents, of which 21 were down-regulated and three were up-regulated in schistosomula from M. fortis. Also, six novel miRNAs were predicted and identified in this study. Target genes were mapped and filtered by correlating them with differentially expressed genes obtained from S. japonicum oligonucleotide microarray analyses performed in previous studies. miRNAs such as miR-10-3p, miR-10-5p, and miR-2b-5p may affect the growth, differentiation, and metabolism of worms via regulation of the expression of target genes such as enolase, aquaporin, TGF-beta-inducible nuclear protein, and paramyosin. Gene Ontology analysis of the predicted target genes of these six differentially expressed miRNAs revealed that some important biological pathways, such as metabolic processes,glycolysis, and catalytic activity, were involved. The results of this study highlight the function of miRNAs in the development and survival of the schistosome, and provide valuable information to increase our understanding of the regulatory function of miRNAs in schistosome development and host-parasite interactions in a differentially susceptible host environment.
东方田鼠是已知唯一一种能自然阻止血吸虫成熟且血吸虫感染不会引发显著病理变化的哺乳动物。然而，这一现象背后的机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，利用Solexa深度测序技术对从10日龄东方田鼠和BALB/c小鼠的血吸虫童虫中分离得到的小RNA文库进行了高通量测序及微小RNA（miRNA）的比较分析。总体而言，来自东方田鼠和BALB/c小鼠的10日龄血吸虫童虫分别产生了1337万和1084万条读数，且近39%和40%的读数可映射到miRbase中的选定miRNA。基于生物信息学分析，我们发现本研究中检测到了日本血吸虫中鉴定出的大多数miRNA。进一步分析表明，两种啮齿动物的血吸虫童虫之间有24种miRNA差异表达，其中21种在东方田鼠的血吸虫童虫中表达下调，3种上调。此外，本研究还预测并鉴定出6种新的miRNA。通过将靶基因与先前研究中进行的日本血吸虫寡核苷酸微阵列分析获得的差异表达基因相关联来进行映射和筛选。miR-10-3p、miR-10-5p和miR-2b-5p等miRNA可能通过调节烯醇化酶、水通道蛋白、转化生长因子β诱导核蛋白和副肌球蛋白等靶基因的表达来影响虫体的生长、分化和代谢。对这6种差异表达miRNA的预测靶基因进行基因本体分析表明，涉及一些重要的生物学途径，如代谢过程、糖酵解和催化活性。本研究结果突出了miRNA在血吸虫发育和存活中的作用，并为增进我们对miRNA在差异易感宿主环境中血吸虫发育和宿主-寄生虫相互作用的调节功能的理解提供了有价值的信息。
