新生儿蛋白尿和血尿
Proteinuria and hematuria in the neonate.
作者信息
Joseph Catherine, Gattineni Jyothsna
机构信息
aDepartment of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico bDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2016 Apr;28(2):202-8. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000323.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Neonatal proteinuria and hematuria while not common can have potentially devastating consequences if left undiagnosed and untreated. It is important to distinguish between inherited and acquired causes of proteinuria to initiate appropriate and timely treatment. With regards to hematuria, it is critical to identify true hematuria from pseudo-hematuria to balance between thorough investigation and unnecessary laboratory work up. This review provides an overview of the common causes of hematuria and proteinuria in a neonate.
RECENT FINDINGS
The identification of genetic mutations in nephrotic syndrome has improved our understanding of the role of various proteins that play an important role in maintaining the glomerular filtration barrier. With the advancement in our ability to provide care for extreme premature neonates, the incidence of acute kidney injury has increased in these neonates along with proteinuria and hematuria.
SUMMARY
Persistent proteinuria after neonatal acute kidney injury would be of interest in regards to the risk of developing future chronic kidney disease and hypertension.
综述目的
新生儿蛋白尿和血尿虽不常见，但如果未被诊断和治疗，可能会产生潜在的严重后果。区分蛋白尿的遗传和后天病因对于启动适当及时的治疗很重要。关于血尿，从假性血尿中识别真正的血尿以平衡全面检查和不必要的实验室检查至关重要。本综述概述了新生儿血尿和蛋白尿的常见病因。
最新发现
肾病综合征中基因突变的鉴定增进了我们对各种在维持肾小球滤过屏障中起重要作用的蛋白质的作用的理解。随着我们为极早产儿提供护理能力的提高，这些新生儿中急性肾损伤的发生率以及蛋白尿和血尿的发生率都有所增加。
总结
新生儿急性肾损伤后持续蛋白尿对于未来发生慢性肾病和高血压的风险而言值得关注。
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