Joyce-Zuniga Nicole M, Newberry Ruth C, Robbins Charles T, Ware Jasmine V, Jansen Heiko T, Nelson O Lynne
a Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences , Washington State University.
b Center for the Study of Animal Well Being, Washington State University.
J Appl Anim Welf Sci. 2016;19(2):210-5. doi: 10.1080/10888705.2015.1126523. Epub 2016 Feb 4.
Training nonhuman animals in captivity for participation in routine husbandry procedures is believed to produce a lower stress environment compared with undergoing a general anesthetic event for the same procedure. This hypothesis rests largely on anecdotal evidence that the captive subjects appear more relaxed with the trained event. Blood markers of physiological stress responses were evaluated in 4 captive grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) who were clicker-trained for blood collection versus 4 bears who were chemically immobilized for blood collection. Serum cortisol and immunoglobulin A (IgA) and plasma β-endorphin were measured as indicators of responses to stress. Plasma β-endorphin was not different between the groups. Serum IgA was undetectable in all bears. Serum cortisol was undetectable in all trained bears, whereas chemically immobilized bears had marked cortisol elevations (p < .05). The highest cortisol elevations were found in 2 bears with extensive recent immobilization experience. These findings support the use of positive reinforcement training for routine health procedures to minimize anxiety.
与因相同程序接受全身麻醉相比，圈养非人类动物以使其参与常规饲养程序被认为能产生压力较小的环境。这一假设很大程度上基于轶事证据，即圈养对象在经过训练的程序中显得更为放松。对4只接受点击训练以进行采血的圈养灰熊（棕熊）与4只通过化学保定进行采血的灰熊的生理应激反应血液标志物进行了评估。测量血清皮质醇、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和血浆β-内啡肽作为应激反应指标。两组之间血浆β-内啡肽无差异。所有熊的血清IgA均未检测到。所有接受训练的熊的血清皮质醇均未检测到，而化学保定的熊皮质醇显著升高（p < 0.05）。皮质醇升高最高的是2只近期有大量保定经历的熊。这些发现支持使用正强化训练进行常规健康程序，以尽量减少焦虑。
