GRAM (Grup de Recerca Ambiental Mediterrània), Department of Physical Geography, University of Barcelona, Montalegre, 6. 08001 Barcelona, Spain.
Environmental Management Centre, Mykolas Romeris University. Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48825, USA.
Sci Total Environ. 2016 Dec 1;572:1353-1362. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.145. Epub 2016 Feb 2.
Intense rainfall events after severe wildfires can have an impact on soil properties, above all in the Mediterranean environment. This study seeks to examine the immediate impact and the effect after a year of an intense rainfall event on a Mediterranean forest affected by a high severity wildfire. The work analyses the following soil properties: soil aggregate stability, total nitrogen, total carbon, organic and inorganic carbon, the C/N ratio, carbonates, pH, electrical conductivity, extractable calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, available phosphorous and the sodium and potassium adsorption ratio (SPAR). We sampled soils in the burned area before, immediately after and one year after the rainfall event. The results showed that the intense rainfall event did not have an immediate impact on soil aggregate stability, but a significant difference was recorded one year after. The intense precipitation did not result in any significant changes in soil total nitrogen, total carbon, inorganic carbon, the C/N ratio and carbonates during the study period. Differences were only registered in soil organic carbon. The soil organic carbon content was significantly higher after the rainfall than in the other sampling dates. The rainfall event did increase soil pH, electrical conductivity, major cations, available phosphorous and the SPAR. One year after the fire, a significant decrease in soil aggregate stability was observed that can be attributed to high SPAR levels and human intervention, while the reduction in extractable elements can be attributed to soil leaching and vegetation consumption. Overall, the intense rainfall event, other post-fire rainfall events and human intervention did not have a detrimental impact on soil properties in all probability owing to the flat plot topography.
强烈山火后的暴雨事件可能会对土壤特性产生影响，特别是在地中海环境中。本研究旨在探讨一场高强度降雨事件对受高强度野火影响的地中海森林的即时影响和一年后的影响。该研究分析了以下土壤特性：土壤团聚体稳定性、总氮、总碳、有机碳和无机碳、碳氮比、碳酸盐、pH 值、电导率、可提取钙、镁、钠、钾、有效磷以及钠钾吸附比（SPAR）。我们在降雨事件发生前、后立即和一年后对受火灾影响的区域进行了土壤采样。结果表明，强烈降雨事件对土壤团聚体稳定性没有即时影响，但一年后有显著差异。在研究期间，高强度降水并未导致土壤总氮、总碳、无机碳、碳氮比和碳酸盐发生任何显著变化。仅在土壤有机碳中记录到差异。雨后土壤有机碳含量明显高于其他采样日期。降雨事件确实增加了土壤 pH 值、电导率、主要阳离子、有效磷和 SPAR。火灾发生一年后，土壤团聚体稳定性显著下降，这可能归因于高 SPAR 水平和人为干预，而可提取元素的减少则可能归因于土壤淋溶和植被消耗。总体而言，高强度降雨事件、其他火灾后的降雨事件和人为干预不太可能对所有土壤特性产生不利影响，这可能是由于平坦的地形所致。
