Hansen Jean M, Coleman Robert L, Sood Anil K
Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA; Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St, Houston, TX, USA.
Eur J Cancer. 2016 Mar;56:131-143. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2015.12.016. Epub 2016 Feb 3.
The study of cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis has traditionally been focused on cancer cells, and the view that they proliferate due to uncontrolled growth signalling owing to genetic derangements. However, uncontrolled growth in tumours cannot be explained solely by aberrations in cancer cells themselves. To fully understand the biological behaviour of tumours, it is essential to understand the microenvironment in which cancer cells exist, and how they manipulate the surrounding stroma to promote the malignant phenotype. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynaecologic cancer worldwide. The majority of patients will have objective responses to standard tumour debulking surgery and platinum-taxane doublet chemotherapy, but most will experience disease recurrence and chemotherapy resistance. As such, a great deal of effort has been put forth to develop therapies that target the tumour microenvironment in ovarian cancer. Herein, we review the key components of the tumour microenvironment as they pertain to this disease, outline targeting opportunities and supporting evidence thus far, and discuss resistance to therapy.
癌症的起始、生长和转移研究传统上一直聚焦于癌细胞，认为癌细胞因基因紊乱导致生长信号失控而增殖。然而，肿瘤的失控生长不能仅用癌细胞自身的畸变来解释。要全面了解肿瘤的生物学行为，必须了解癌细胞所处的微环境，以及它们如何操纵周围基质以促进恶性表型。卵巢癌是全球妇科癌症死亡的主要原因。大多数患者对标准的肿瘤减瘤手术和铂类 - 紫杉烷双联化疗会有客观反应，但大多数患者会经历疾病复发和化疗耐药。因此，人们付出了巨大努力来开发针对卵巢癌肿瘤微环境的疗法。在此，我们综述与该疾病相关的肿瘤微环境的关键组成部分，概述目前的靶向机会和支持证据，并讨论治疗耐药性。
