Brázdová Zuzana Derflerová, Klimusová Helena, Hruška Dalibor, Prokopová Alice, Burjanek Aleš, Wulff Krauff Rainer Schwanhaeuser
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2015 Nov;23 Suppl:S23-9. doi: 10.21101/cejph.a4133.
Research on physical activity in relation to obesity gradually becomes more focused on environmental determinants, which can potentially influence people's health choices. The present article addresses the topic of physical activity from a wider sociological perspective. Our pilot study was designed with the objective of testing the applicability of a method included in the EC 6th Framework Programme EURO-PREVOB, in the Czech context. The method examines specific determinants of the built environment that can have an impact on physical activity at the population level. In addition, the study aims to analyze possible differences in built environment indicators and their relation to the physical activity of people living in neighbourhoods with areas of varying socioeconomic status.
The field study was carried out in the city of Brno, Czech Republic, in 5 neighbourhood quintiles, i.e. areas divided according to the socioeconomic status of local residents. In each quintile, we evaluated the quality of the built environment according to the quality, aesthetics and safety of segregated cycle facilities, playgrounds/playing areas, public open spaces, marked road crossings and pavements as well as signs of incivilities and devastation.
Between the five quintiles, significant differences were found in the quality of parks and playgrounds/playing areas, pavements, marking of pedestrian crossings, and in general aesthetics, i.e. signs of incivilities and devastation of the built environment. No differences were found in the quality and use of cycle facilities.
The method we used for the evaluation of the built environment proved highly applicable in Czech populated areas. Monitoring of built environment indicators in the Czech Republic should provide a basis for health maps, showing potential associations between the prevalence of high-incidence, non-infectious diseases and various social determinants of physical activity. This information might help in achieving an improvement in these determinants at a community level and promoting an increase in physical activity at the population level.
关于体育活动与肥胖关系的研究逐渐更加关注环境决定因素，这些因素可能会影响人们的健康选择。本文从更广泛的社会学角度探讨体育活动这一主题。我们的试点研究旨在测试欧盟第六框架计划EURO - PREVOB中所包含方法在捷克环境下的适用性。该方法考察建成环境中可能对人群体育活动产生影响的特定决定因素。此外，该研究旨在分析建成环境指标的可能差异及其与生活在社会经济地位不同区域的社区居民体育活动之间的关系。
实地研究在捷克共和国布尔诺市的5个邻里五分位数区域进行，即根据当地居民社会经济地位划分的区域。在每个五分位数区域，我们依据隔离自行车设施、操场/游乐区、公共开放空间、有标记的道路交叉口和人行道的质量、美观度和安全性以及不文明和破坏迹象，对建成环境质量进行评估。
在五个五分位数区域之间，公园和操场/游乐区、人行道、人行横道标记以及整体美观度（即建成环境的不文明和破坏迹象）的质量存在显著差异。自行车设施的质量和使用情况未发现差异。
我们用于评估建成环境的方法在捷克人口密集地区证明高度适用。对捷克共和国建成环境指标的监测应为健康地图提供依据，显示高发病、非传染性疾病患病率与体育活动的各种社会决定因素之间的潜在关联。这些信息可能有助于在社区层面改善这些决定因素，并促进人群体育活动的增加。
Zotero 插件