Jiang Lingxiao, Li Gaizhi, Hao Lili, Guo Runpu, Yang Caohua, Du Yasong
Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Email:
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2015 Dec;36(12):1365-8.
To investigate the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) of children aged 4-6 years in public kindergartens in Shanghai.
Songjiang district and Xuhui district were selected randomly as the representative sample. By means of "Clancy Autism Behavior Scale", "Social Communication Questionnaire" and "high-functioning Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire", all of the 33 public kindergartens in chosen area, which contained 10 385 children aged 4-6 years, were surveyed. Those who were screened as suspected cases would be further diagnosed by "Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised" and "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition".
Among 9 665 valid questionnaires, 9 children were diagnosed with ASD. The ratio of male to female was 8:1, the point prevalence rate was 0.93‰. The results of ADI-R corresponded with that of DSM-5. There were two children who never had medical records. For others, "language" problem was the most likely reason for their parents to seek medical help, while "deficits in social communication" was the main symptom of patients.
The prevalence of ASD was lower than those recorded in literature, home and abroad which might be related to some patients not going to public kindergartens.
调查上海市公办幼儿园4至6岁儿童自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的患病率。
随机选取松江区和徐汇区作为代表性样本。采用《克氏孤独症行为量表》《社会交往问卷》和《高功能自闭症谱系筛查问卷》，对所选区域内的33所公办幼儿园中10385名4至6岁儿童进行调查。筛查为疑似病例者将通过《自闭症诊断访谈修订版》和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册（第五版）》进一步诊断。
在9665份有效问卷中，9名儿童被诊断为ASD。男女比例为8:1，时点患病率为0.93‰。ADI-R结果与DSM-5结果相符。有两名儿童从未有过病历记录。对于其他儿童，“语言”问题是其家长寻求医疗帮助的最主要原因，而“社会交往缺陷”是患者的主要症状。
ASD的患病率低于国内外文献报道，这可能与部分患者未进入公办幼儿园有关。
